Monday, December 7, 2009

A Cure for Mesothelioma?

A Cure for Mesothelioma?


Mesothelioma

Mesothelioma is a most lethal cancer. It has unusual characteristics. The more I look at it the more I am convinced it does not behave like a true solid tissue cancer.

• Serosal membranes very rarely become malignant except with Mesothelioma.

• It is not asbestos fiber dose dependent.

• It is not cigarette smoking dose related.

• Probably occurs only in cases where there was prior evidence of a pleurisy (benign) usually with evidence of pleural thickening.

• Latency is different (usually longer) than any other known malignancy.

• 275 day median survival is more in keeping with an uncontrollable infection (all be it a malignant one) than a solid tumor growth pattern.

• Simian 40 virus DNA parts have been found in mesothelioma specimens.

• Rarely if ever found as a distant metastasis (e.g. brain or liver spread).

I believe it is a viral infection gone malignant e.g. HIV type malignant behavior so that it looks more like asbestos fiber activation of a common virus infection in turn causing a variety of clinical conditions. Many of these clinical conditions can be quite innocuous. In benign pleural effusions we don’t find a pleural cavity full of asbestos needles – It would appear we haven’t been culturing for the right agent.

If Mesothelioma is a rogue viral infection - then there is the possibility of developing a vaccine and offering vaccination to asbestos exposed people who are at heightened risk of developing future asbestos related malignancies.

Q: Is asbestos a co-carcinogen to a viral infection?

A: Needs to be studied...

http://www.kohc.ca/

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Declan_Kerin

Thursday, December 3, 2009

How One Woman Beat Cancer With Food

More than 20 years ago, when I was 47-year-old doctoral student in psychology, I was diagnosed with breast cancer. Of course, I was devastated. At the time, I had been running for 15 years, and I was the most physically fit person I knew. It was incomprehensible to me that I had cancer.

After surgery, further testing determined that the cancer had already spread. Nevertheless, instead of the recommended radiation and chemotherapy, I put my faith in Dr. John McDougall, a physician who was then researching the relationship between a vegan diet (no animal products) and breast cancer. Though I had previously stopped eating red meat, when diagnosed, I was still eating other animal products and my blood tests showed elevated cholesterol levels. So, with the assistance of Dr. McDougall, I eliminated all animal products, including fish and dairy. Today, as I approach my 70th cancer-free birthday, I relish my vegan diet and daily run. I am a six-time Ironman Triathlon finisher, holder of more than 900 gold medals from every distance from 100 meter to 5K road races to ultramarathons and triathlons. I have completed more than 60 marathons all over the world and I have made three world fitness records in my age group at the Cooper Clinic in Dallas, Texas. In 1999, I was named one of the “Top Ten Fittest Women in North America.”

I also redirected my academic course of study. I was so impressed with what my new diet did for me that I changed from psychology to health education, with majors in nutrition and exercise physiology. I am firmly convinced that a key element in my sustained health is my vegan diet. Moreover, since most plant foods are low in calories (exceptions are nuts, seeds, avocados, olives, and coconuts), I also eat a lot more than most people while keeping a healthy weight. So, I am never hungry. From 1982 until 2000, I ate a vegan diet that included grains and some processed foods.

I began most mornings with oatmeal, bananas, and raisins moistened with water or apple juice and a teaspoon of blackstrap molasses. To boost the nutritional value, I added greens such as kale, edible hibiscus, seaweed or cabbage. Occasionally, I had pancakes or waffles covered with applesauce or fruit purée (instead of butter or margarine).

Lunch consisted of a number of possibilities such as baked or microwaved potatoes with carrot and broccoli sticks, whole wheat pita bread stuffed with sliced mixed vegetables, a whole wheat bagel with an orange and apple, or brown rice mixed with succotash. When eating lunch in a restaurant, I often asked for a bread sandwich -- a whole grain bun or two slices of bread. I then stuffed the bread with greens, tomato, bell pepper, and onions.

Dinner was often similar to lunch. Or, it included such options as spaghetti made with whole-wheat pasta and sauce prepared with tomato paste, onions, garlic, bell peppers, chopped broccoli, and seasonings, or chili made with kidney beans, tomato sauce, onions, garlic, bell pepper, chili power and lots of brown rice. I made pizza with whole-wheat crust covered with a tomato-based sauce with chopped green onions, round onions, bell peppers, mushrooms, and alfalfa sprouts.

Between meals, I never allowed myself to become hungry. I nibbled on fruit, carrots, whole grain breads, air-popped popcorn, and sweet potatoes. To avoid any temptation, I did not keep any high fat foods in my home. For dessert, I ate fruit or air-popped popcorn.

In 2000, I eliminated grains and processed foods from my diet. I now eat only raw foods. Since I begin most days with a three to four hour workout, usually including an hour on the bike, a weight session or a swim, followed by an hour’s run, I don’t eat breakfast until later in the morning. Then, I have a big bowl filled with greens, one carrot, half a mango, a large banana, and six large grapes. The mixture is topped with one round tablespoon of B12 fortified nutritional yeast and one to two tablespoons of blackstrap molasses.

Since breakfast is so late, I do not eat a full meal again until dinner. Dinner includes lots of greens such as broccoli, stalks of kale, celery, unpeeled English cucumber, cabbage, a carrot, one half bell pepper, one half large tomato, six cloves of garlic, and half of a yam or sweet potato, raw. The mixture is topped with one to two cups of salsa, one tablespoon regular mustard, and one tablespoon freshly ground flaxseed.

Dessert consists of blueberries and a second fruit, a small handful of walnuts, and one tablespoon blackstrap molasses. Throughout the day, I snack on carrots, celery sticks, grapes, dates, and, in the evening, I eat air-popped popcorn.

As long as you eat a sufficient amount of calories, you cannot be deficient in protein. Since all vegetables contain adequate amounts of all the essential amino acids, you will obtain all the essential amino acids you require from a plant-based diet. Moreover, because you are obtaining calcium from the same source as cows – that is plant foods, primarily greens-- you will have enough calcium.

While you should make a point of drinking lots of water, I also recommend two other beverages. To replace your morning coffee, try drinking a mug of hot water with one teaspoon of blackstrap molasses. And, since I live in Hawaii, where it is always warm outside, I enjoy keeping a jug of homemade lemonade in the refrigerator. I make it by squeezing half a lemon into a half-gallon jug of water and then add a little sweetener.

My raw vegan diet gives me an unbelievable amount of energy. Of course, without such energy, I could never compete in all the events that I do, especially the Ironman Triathlon. I almost never miss a day of training. As a bonus, I sleep like the proverbial rock.

In addition to changing your diet, this is a good time to modify your behavior. One of the most important things that you can do is to incorporate regular exercise into your life. To help keep you motivated, you should consider joining a group. Although I ran for about 15 years by myself, after I joined a group of runners, I increased my distance and began to really challenge myself. And, while I find swimming by myself somewhat boring, swimming as a group is fun. In case of an accident or mechanical failure, longer bike rides should always include at least one other biker. Plus, rides are more enjoyable with other people. Where I live in Hawaii, there is never a shortage of people who want to go for a ride. Over time I have come to realize that triathletes are among the most sociable people I have ever met. So, whatever your age, give it a try. When exercise is fun, you won’t have trouble making yourself do it!

Copyright © 2005, by Weight Loss Buddy Press

Ruth E. Heidrich, Ph.D.

Author, A Race for Life, The Race for Life Cookbook

http://www.RuthHeidrich.com

http://www.vegsource.com

Joey Dweck is the founder of http://www.WeightLossBuddy.com committed to helping you find a 24/7 buddy who will not only help you lose weight but who also will get you to change to a healthy lifestyle. You choose your own diet and your own exercise regime, and we find you a buddy who literally will stick with you through thick and thin. Signing up for a buddy is free. Simply go to http://www.WeightLossBuddy.com or call 1-877-BUDDY-UP.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Joey_Dweck

Wednesday, November 25, 2009

Mesothelioma Cancer Cell Types - Epithelioid, Sarcomatoid & Biphasic

Mesothelioma Cancer Cell Types - Epithelioid, Sarcomatoid & Biphasic


Mesothelioma is one of the deadliest cancers for a number of reasons. It has a prolonged latency period during which it destroys the mucous-producing membrane that lines the outer surface of a number of organs. This membrane allows the organs to move, which in turn allows them to function. Over a period of decades mesothelioma destroys healthy cells by assaulting them with three main avenues of attack: epithelioid, sarcomatoid, biphasic cells.

Epithelioid mesothelioma cells are the most common and relatively easiest to treat of all types of mesothelioma. This type of cell appears to be a papillary or tubular growth that usually affects the outer membranes and linings of the internal organs and other bodily surfaces. Somewhere between 50 and 70% of all mesothelioma cases belong to this category, and although this cancer is usually extremely difficult to treat, epithelioid mesothelioma is the most likely to respond to treatment.

The second type of mesothelioma is sarcomatoid mesothelioma. This type is the most serious form of the disease, as it is the least likely to respond to treatment. These spindle-shaped pattern of cells that appear to overlap each other are also fortunately the rarest type of the cancer, with approximately 10-20% of all mesothelioma cases falling into this type. Sarcomatoid mesothelioma is so dangerous because it attacks and arises from the support tissues of the body, such as bone, cartilage, fat, and muscle, and cancers in these areas are notoriously difficult and painful to treat. Patients with this form of cancer rarely live longer than six months after diagnosis.

The final condition, biphasic mesothelioma, is not an independent type of mesothelioma, but a combination of sarcomatoid and epithelioid. It is also a mixed bag of conditions in that it can take the good and bad aspects of the other two types, and almost 20-35% of all mesothelioma cases fall into either mixed or biphasic areas.

Without a doubt, mesothelioma is one of the most devastating types of cancer. Most people rarely live beyond a year after their initial diagnosis, and few victims reach five years. Mesothelioma is almost always caused by asbestos exposure, and millions of people have had contact with this deadly substance.

To learn more about Epithelioid Mesothelioma, Sarcomatoid Mesothelioma or Biphasic Mesothelioma please visit our website at http://www.resource4mesothelioma.com This article may be freely reprinted as long as this resource box is included and all links stay intact as hyperlinks.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Todd_Going

Thursday, November 19, 2009

Suggestions For Those Diagnosed With Mesothelioma

Suggestions For Those Diagnosed With Mesothelioma


Mesothelioma cancer is a unique and rare condition usually caused by asbestos exposure. It is a debilitating cancer with a grim prognosis, commonly associated with other respiratory complication like lung cancer or a condition known as asbestosis. Usually, the exposure occurs on job sites, specifically in construction projects dealing with the removal of insulation or tiles containing asbestos fibers or in demolition of a site that has been contaminated with a building product containing toxic asbestos matter.

Other methods of exposure to the dangerous substance can be through inhalation of particulate matter containing asbestos, long-term exposure to asbestos through time spent around insulation or other materials containing asbestos, or exposure from plumbing housed around asbestos, especially around older boilers and older buildings. This is true of most all buildings constructed before 1970; asbestos was used in several construction materials such as insulation, tiles, and roofing material.

A diagnosis of mesothelioma cancer often comes with uncertainty regarding the next steps to take. Often, many patients receiving such a diagnosis begin seeking information about their condition, possible remedies, and ways of treating the disease. This is a daunting task for anyone, but especially those under the added pressure of such a serious and often terminal illness.

Another facet of such a diagnosis centers around the fact that by and large this condition could have been prevented if the proper safety measures had been taken. This then leads to many patients attempting to seek legal council and begin development of a mesothelioma lawsuit. Indeed, mesothelioma litigation has received a significant boost in numbers over the past decade as more and more workers and others exposed to the toxic fibers begin to develop symptoms of asbestos exposure related illnesses. There are many legitimate law firms seeking to carve out a reputable name for themselves through continued pursuit of mesothelioma claims. The fact remains that because these conditions are almost always preventable, the mesothelioma law suits often end with a judgment for the plaintiff, meaning a respectable settlement ensuring quality of life continues or improves for the client.

To this end, it is important that any individual seeking to develop such litigation seek out the legal resource best suited to their needs. Many online legal resources are legitimate, though there are some dubious sites with questionable motives and potentially predatory practices. There are also many websites with no real information which exploit search engines; these sites seek only click through to generate ad revenue; these sites often appear to have relevant information but ultimately fail to provide anything of worth for the searcher. Keeping a shrewd attitude and a keen eye out will provide an individual with a quality resource for mesothelioma cancer.

LegalView.info hosts a wide range of legal resources regarding mesothelioma. Access to a mesothelioma Law Firm and a mesothelioma Lawyer are available free of charge from the website.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Katie_Kelley

Mesothelioma - What is Mesothelioma Cancer?

Mesothelioma - What is Mesothelioma Cancer?


Mesothelioma cancer is a rare cancer that is thougth to come from the inhalation of asbestos fibers as well as exposure to asbestos. People that have work concerning plentiful amounts of asbestos are in danger of contracting mesothelioma. Studies have reasonably shown that the vast majority of those that have mesothelioma had exposure to asbestos at some point in the past whether it was work-related or otherwise.

Mesothelioma is also a relatively rare form of cancer with only about 4000 cases each year. The three major varieties of mesothelioma all match up to the area of the mesothelium that is affected. They are known as Pericardial, Peritoneal and Pleural Mesothelioma.

The cancer is named after the mesothelium, which is a protective membrane that covers various cavities. Peritoneal, Pleural and Peritoneal mesothelioma are all named after the particular cavities that this cancer affects. The symptoms for each are different.

These symptoms generally show up much later on in the future after exposure to asbestos. Weight loss, abdominal pain as well as abdominal lumps are all symptoms of peritoneal mesothelioma. Pleural Mesothelioma symptoms include shortness of breath, cough (dry), lumps in the chest region, chest pain, painful breathing and coughing. Pericardial Mesothelioma symptoms are chest pains, fever, heart palpitations, difficulty breathing, murmurs, Orthopnea. It should be noted that smokers that have been exposed to asbestos have a higher than normal chance of contracting pleural mesothelioma.

In rare cases, if the cancer is caught exceedingly early, the cancer may be sent into remission. Otherwise, mesothelioma patients experience abysmal survival rates. Those suffering from advanced stages of mesothelioma usually have a year or so to live.

Those fortunate enough to uncover the cancer in its early stages can expect to live for up to 5 years. There is still research being done in the field, albeit not a whole lot. The well-known specialist, Dr.David Sugarbaker and other notable doctors elsewhere represent the few doctors that are making inroads into unraveling the mysteries of this cancer. The main areas of research tend to target pleural mesothelioma and new, aggressive techniques have been found to lengthen live expectancy by years. While a cure has still not been found for any type of cancer much less mesothelioma, there is constant research being done in the area.

Shan Durai has a website on Mesothelioma that offers free information on areas such as pleural, peritoneal and pericardial Mesothelioma as well as highlighting treatment facilities, doctors and treatment methods.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Shan_Durai

Breast Massage - Why Not?

Breast Massage - Why Not?


Over 250,000 women are diagnosed each year with breast cancer. Approximately 14,000 women die each year from breast cancer. These are alarming rates to hear. How can this be possible? What about all the money being raised to find a cure? Let's take a look at the anatomy of the breast.

The female breast consists of mostly fatty tissue surrounding the mammary gland just behind the nipple. As you walk, your breasts are suppose to bounced and move allowing the breast tissue to move toxins out the breast tissue and into the lymph nodes where the body can expel the toxins.

Many women wear bras from 6 - 24 hours a day and the bras are usually too tight causing the breasts to be held too tight, not allowing the breasts to move naturally. As the breasts are not allowed to move the toxins enter into the fatty tissue, where they find a home and stay, just waiting for a cancer cell to come by and attached itself to these toxic cells. As these toxic cells sit and collect more toxic cells the breasts may become very tender to the touch, making mammograms extremely painful or even walking painful. The breast may develop non-cancerous masses, which will send a chill up every woman's spine. Every doctor instructs women how to do a self exam, yet many women still do not examine their breasts regularly. Some women are embarrassed, or too afraid, to exam their own breasts. This is a matter of life or death for every woman. I certainly hope more and more women will take the time for breast exams. However I want to talk to you about a way women and greatly reduce their chances of getting breast cancer and improve their overall breast health. I want to talk about breast massage.

According to the American Massage Therapy Association, if a woman massaged her breasts once a week, her chances of breasts cancer could be reduced by 42%. That is huge! That would mean, over 100,000 women would not, ever have to get that diagnosis. Not to mention, the reduction in breast tenderness or lumps to improve women's health. We are the only industrialized country in the world that has not fully legalized breast massage as a therapeutic way to slow and maybe even stop breast cancer. I have had several women, that I taught to do breast massage, report a reduction and elimination of breast tenderness. Lumps have been reduced and not returned. Also one of my clients reported her doctor thought she had lost weight because the density in her breast had greatly reduced after less than a year of self massages. The breast massages greatly reduce the pain of mammograms. So how do you do these breast massages you ask? Here are the 3 steps to breast massage:

Step 1- After disrobing your breasts, you can begin by taking your thumb, or index and middle fingers, starting at you nipple and gently pressing out toward the edge of your breast. Repeat this stroke all the way around your breast. Then repeat again around the entire breast. You may find you can go deeper on the pressure the second time around as the toxins start to move. If not, just keep the same pressure each time.

Step 2- Open your hands and lay them out flat with your index fingers and thumbs overlapping each other, leaving an opening between your hands. Place you hands on your breast with your nipple in the opening between your hands. Gently press down and out toward the edge of your breast twice from side to side, then twice from top to bottom.

Step 3- put some lotion on your hand, or if in the shower use soap. Cup your hand around your breast and rotate your breast clockwise twice. Then rotate counterclockwise twice. Remember not to squeeze too hard and allow your breast to flow back through your hand. Next repeat this motion on the top part of your breast.
Remember to do the other breast when you are finished. If you repeat this massage once a week, you should notice an improvement in the overall health of your breasts.

Butch Phelps is a licensed massage therapist, personal trainer, and Active Isolated Stretching therapist. Butch has studied the human body for many years, looking at why diseases happen and how to prevnt them. He has taught more than 20 women how to do breast massage correctly and has had amazing results. Women who had previously suffered with painful tenderness, lumps appearing regularly, and overall breast discomfort, report immediate improvement. Many women have reported a reduction in mammogram pain as well. Butch believes that most of our aches and pains throughout our body is a result of tight, underused muscles oinching nerves and joints being pulled closer together. Butch loves to teach people how to relieve themselves of their daily pain in hopes it will reduce the healthcare costs in America and improve their quality of life. Butch can be contacted at http://www.musclerepairshop.com.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Butch_Phelps

Tuesday, October 20, 2009

meso patients

After i browsed for "mesothelioma cancer" as key word and knew that it caused by inhaling the asbestos particles (that was I read from many articles which discuss about mesothelioma cancer). So, I became curious with people who have a great risk for mesothelioma cancer.

It was mentioned that it is cancer which caused by asbestos fibres, so it becomes usual if the people who spend their days with asbestos fibres have big potential to suffer from it. I want to know the case about "meso patient" and stories bout how the patient was suffered from that cancer. I use "meso patient" as a keyword in search engiine.

Meso patients need an exact handling, like the other illnesses need it too. A precise information about what and how mesothelioma is very needed for them. When your family become meso patients and need an exact information about it, so http://mymeso.org will be an exact place for you to get information about mesothelioma.

Friday, October 16, 2009

mesothelioma cancer

Mesothelioma cancer, I was confused while reading an article saying that mesothelioma involved in one of the most expensive keywords in google adsense. I was curious what the hell the cancer is that called mesothelioma, why people are interested in it. In fact, mesothelioma is cancer that caused by fibres of asbestos. It has no relationship with cigaratte's smoke.


Considering on the cause, it is feasible to be an interesting topic for certain people especially who use asbestos in their lives. The common use of it is for roof. If asbestos that we use is broken, the fibres will release. Then we inhale them.


Mesothelioma cancer is one of the negative effects of using asbetos, the indication will emerge after 20 up to 30 years. Fortunately, there are two safe ways in using asbestos. First, change the asbestos occasionally. Second, don't use damage or broken asbestos because its producers absolutely maximize the safety for customers.

Wednesday, October 7, 2009

disease mesothelioma article

While more men are diagnosed with mesothelioma annually than women, several studies indicate women may be more susceptible to developing this cancer, caused almost exclusively by asbestos exposure.

Once exposed to asbestos, a mesothelioma patient may take 20 to 50 years to demonstrate symptoms of the disease. For this reason, diagnosis often occurs once the cancer had progressed to later stages of development, often resulting in a poor mesothelioma prognosis.

Though mesothelioma treatment may be difficult following a late diagnosis, many patients choose to undergo surgery, chemotherapy or radiation to combat the disease.

Many women are diagnosed with mesothelioma as a result of secondary exposure to asbestos. Husbands, fathers, family and friends often unknowingly bring the toxic fibers into the home on their bodies and clothing, following a long day working closely with asbestos on the job. Several women have been diagnosed with mesothelioma after years of washing their husband’s clothing laden with asbestos.

Additional information about mesothelioma may be found through the Mesothelioma Cancer Center.
Articles

Phenotype-dependent Apoptosis Signalling in Mesothelioma Cells after Selenite Exposure - Gustav Nilsonne, Eric Olm, Adam Szulkin, Filip Mundt, Agnes Stein, Branka Kocic, Anna-Klara Rundlöf, Aristi P Fernandes, Mikael Björnstedt and Katalin Dobra

Gene Expression Profiles in Asbestos-exposed Epithelial and Mesothelial Lung Cell Lines - Penny Nymark, Pamela M Lindholm, Mikko V Korpela, Leo Lahti, Salla Ruosaari, Samuel Kaski, Jaakko Hollmén, Sisko Anttila, Vuokko L Kinnula and Sakari Knuutila

Human Agonistic TRAIL Receptor Antibodies Mapatumumab and Lexatumumab Induce Apoptosis in Malignant Mesothelioma and Act Synergistically with Cisplatin - Larisa L Belyanskaya, Thomas M Marti, Sally Hopkins-Donaldson, Stefanie Kurtz, Emanuela Felley-Bosco and Rolf A Stahel

Fra-1 Governs Cell Migration via Modulation of CD44 Expression in Human Mesotheliomas - Maria E. Ramos-Nino , Steven R Blumen and Brooke T Mossman

Mesothelioma with Non-pleural Malignancy: A Red Herring or Just an Uncommon Pairing? - Andrew J Drain , Kourosh Saeb-Parsy , Amit K Shah , D Rassl and Andrew J Ritchie

Benign Pulmonary Epithelial Inclusions Within The Pleura: A Case Report - Barton Kenney, Marguerite Pinto and Robert Homer

Malignant Mesothelioma in Women. Roggli VL, Oury TD, Moffatt EJ.
Durham VA and Duke University Medical Centers, North Carolina, USA.
Diagnosis

Diagnosis and Treatment of Peritoneal Mesothelioma: The Washington Cancer Institute Experience - Sugarbaker PH, Acherman YI, Gonzalez-Moreno S, Ortega-Perez G, Stuart OA, Marchettini P, Yoo D.

Submit your own article or paper to Barbara Nesbitt OBGYN.net Editor.
Women & Patients

What is Mesothelioma? - What is the cause? What are the symptoms? How is it treated?

Mesothelioma: Questions and Answers - National Cancer Institute

We invite you to contribute your experiences on the OBGYN.net WIKI!
We want to read about you as you tell us your story about Mesothelioma. This is your space to write about you, your family and to support each other. Post it here. Just register and then request to be a writer.
Educational Tutorials

Do you have a PowerPoint presentation on Mesothelioma? Please submit your presentation to our Editor, Professor Zeev Shoham, MD - Email

Visit our extensive collection of educational tutorials from global experts.
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Mesothelioma Mesomark Blood Test

Mesothelioma Mesomark Blood Test
Posted: Mar 12th, 2009 | Comments: 0 | Views: 59 | Bookmark and Share
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Mesothelioma Mesomark Blood Test

Author: Mesothelioma Asbestos Cancer Org

MESOSELIOMA MESOMARK BLOOD TEST
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the MESOMARK assay to help monitor response to treatment in malignant mesothelioma patients. The MESOMARK test signifies the beginning of a new era in monitoring mesothelioma malignancies," said Dr. W. Jeffrey Allard, vice president and chief scientific officer of Fujirebio Diagnostics. "As the first in-vitro test for patients with this aggressive disease, it will enable doctors to more accurately detect recurrence and monitor treatment of patients."
The MESOMARK Assay test kit was developed to measure levels of a biomarker, mesothelin, in serum. Biomarkers are substances found in higher-than-normal concentrations in the blood, urine or body tissues of patients with certain types of cancers. The test may be used to monitor patients confirmed as having mesothelioma, for recurrence in patients following surgery, or for measuring response to therapies.
"Current diagnostic tests are less than ideal for quantification of changes in tumor volume, which is key to managing the disease," continued Allard. "As the MESOMARK results correlate with tumor volume*, it provides a much needed tool for monitoring patient status. It is our plan to collect additional data in the future to support the use of the test to detect mesothelioma."

MESOMARK test are now making it possible - with a simple blood test -to monitor response to treatment and to detect recurrence following treatment. This provides an important head start to patients racing against this aggressive cancer. "The Meso Foundation is the national research funding, patient support and advocacy organization dedicated to eradicating mesothelioma as a life-threatening disease.
Those wishing to take part in MESOMARK testing will be asked to provide one or more samples of blood. The blood samples will then be sent to a national reference laboratory for testing. In conjunction with other clinical and laboratory data obtained by your doctor, decisions regarding your treatment and care may be simplified. You may discontinue testing at any time.

LINKS:
Diagnisis Mesothelioma

About the Author:
treatment

Article Source: ArticlesBase.com - Mesothelioma Mesomark Blood Test



MESOSELIOMA MESOMARK BLOOD TEST
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the MESOMARK assay to help monitor response to treatment in malignant mesothelioma patients. The MESOMARK test signifies the beginning of a new era in monitoring mesothelioma malignancies," said Dr. W. Jeffrey Allard, vice president and chief scientific officer of Fujirebio Diagnostics. "As the first in-vitro test for patients with this aggressive disease, it will enable doctors to more accurately detect recurrence and monitor treatment of patients."
The MESOMARK Assay test kit was developed to measure levels of a biomarker, mesothelin, in serum. Biomarkers are substances found in higher-than-normal concentrations in the blood, urine or body tissues of patients with certain types of cancers. The test may be used to monitor patients confirmed as having mesothelioma, for recurrence in patients following surgery, or for measuring response to therapies.
"Current diagnostic tests are less than ideal for quantification of changes in tumor volume, which is key to managing the disease," continued Allard. "As the MESOMARK results correlate with tumor volume*, it provides a much needed tool for monitoring patient status. It is our plan to collect additional data in the future to support the use of the test to detect mesothelioma."

MESOMARK test are now making it possible - with a simple blood test -to monitor response to treatment and to detect recurrence following treatment. This provides an important head start to patients racing against this aggressive cancer. "The Meso Foundation is the national research funding, patient support and advocacy organization dedicated to eradicating mesothelioma as a life-threatening disease.
Those wishing to take part in MESOMARK testing will be asked to provide one or more samples of blood. The blood samples will then be sent to a national reference laboratory for testing. In conjunction with other clinical and laboratory data obtained by your doctor, decisions regarding your treatment and care may be simplified. You may discontinue testing at any time.

LINKS:
Diagnisis Mesothelioma
Mesothelioma Asbestos Cancer Org
treatment
Ads by Google
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To Assess RIsk of Ovarian Cancer. Download study data at www.taketherightpath.com
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The Power of Acai Berry
Healthy and Wealthy Living Taste It, Feel It, Share It. WWW.mymonavie.com/dwightince
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Article Tags: Cancer Treatment, Cancer, Mesothelioma Treatment, Mesothelioma, Diagnosis Mesothelioma

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Immunotherapy -A New Way of Fighting Mesotheloma
By: Bello kamorudeen | 06/10/2009
Conventional cancer treatments like radiotherapy and chemotherapy are more widely used to treat mesothelioma, but alternative treatments such as immunotherapy are becoming more and popular too. Other therapies such as immunotherapy provide the patient with additional options for the control of symptoms. While immunology does not yet offer a cure...

How Do You Manage the Common Side Effects of Mesothelioma Radiotherapy?
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The commonest forms of mesothelioma cancer are pleural{chest}mesothelioma and abdominal mesothelioma.They are usually treated by a combination of surgery ,chemotherapy and radiotherapy. These are some of commonly encountered side effects of radiotherapy treatment: Side effects of chest radiotherapy Radiation treatment to the chest in the treatment of pleural mesothelioma may cause swallowing...

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Can You Survive A Mesothelioma Diagnosis?
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Mesothelioma Clinical Trials – A Good Option?
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Friday, October 2, 2009

mesothelioma cancer disease

Cancer of the pleura is most often metastatic, usually adenocarcinoma from the breast or lung.Primary malignant neoplasms of the pleura are relatively rare.Pleural neoplasms frequently produce a malignant pleural effusion, making cytology a useful tool in their detection.Thoracoscopy is also very useful tool for obtaining tissue samples for diagnosis because it allows the direct visualization of the pleural surfaces.

Mesotheliomas are the most common primary malignant tumors of the pleura.Other rare primary tumors of the pleura include fibrosarcoma, angiosarcoma, and other sarcomas.Mesotheliomas arise from pleura in about 80% of cases and from the peritoneum in the remaining 20%.In the chest, the tumors can arise from either the visceral or parietal pleura. Approximately 75% of these tumors are diffuse and malignant. The rest are localized and usually benign. Mesotheliomas are more common in men, who represent about 75% of all cases.

The benign mesothelioma, also known as a fibroma, is usually a small (1-2 cm) localized growth which may enlarge.These tumors always remain confined to the surface of the lung and do not normally produce a pleural effusion.Generally they become symptomatic when their growth impinges on adjacent structures within the chest.They are sometimes associated with hypoglycemia, and they are not associated with asbestos exposure.Histologically they are composed of whorls of reticulin and collagen fibers amongst cytologically benign spindled cells resembling fibroblasts.

The more common malignant pleural mesotheliomas, however, are strongly associated with asbestos exposure.In the normal population, mesotheliomas are rare tumors with an incidence of 2 to 17 cases per 1,000,000 people; however, in asbestos workers the relative risk is over 1000 times greater. The risk of bronchogenic carcinoma is increased only 5 fold in asbestos workers, but the risk is 55 times greater in asbestos workers who smoked.It should be stressed that there is no increased risk of mesothelioma in smokers who have asbestos exposure, which is in direct contrast to the association between asbestos exposure and bronchogenic carcinoma, where the risk is markedly increased.

Common occupational sources for asbestos exposure include the mining, milling, manufacturing processes. A history of shipyard work or replacement of automobile brake lining in the past places a patient at risk for mesothelioma. epidemiologic studies have determined that 70% to 90% of cases have identifiable asbestos exposure.

Monday, September 21, 2009

mesothelioma asbestos pleural mesothelioma

Most people that develop mesothelioma have been exposed to asbestos in the past. Mesothelioma, a cancer of the mesothelium grows mainly in the lining of the lungs and abdomen and it takes decades for the symptoms of the cancer to surface. The main symptoms are chest pain and difficulty in breathing.

If you have worked with asbestos or materials containing asbestos, for example shipyard workers, insulation engineers, maintenance workers, building workers, you can develop mesothelioma. People working in other industries could also be exposed to asbestos without remembering the exposure. Also some people who were exposed to asbestos through washing and handling of clothes contaminated with asbestos and some people living close to asbestos industries may also develop mesothelioma.

Presently there is no known cure for mesothelioma, the treatments available only help to control the symptoms and improve quality of life of the victim. The type of treatment will be individualized and it depends on the stage of the cancer.

Help and Support
Every mesothelioma case will need support and help, many find it hard difficult to accept the diagnosis, others feel bitter and angry. Every mesothelioma victim must have access both to information about the disease and to emotional support, including someone to talk to when they feel like. There are several specialist organizations that provide such help.

Your Benefits and Compensations
All mesothelioma victims may be entitled to social security benefits and compensations from employers or both. These are some of the benefits you might be entitled to:
a}Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit-You can get this quickly paid so you should make your claim as soon as possible so as to be able to get your benefits.
b}War disablement pension-If you were exposed to asbestos while serving in the armed forces, you can make this claim from the Veterans Agency.
c}Constant Attendance Allowance-This allowance may be paid to you once you receive any of the benefits mentioned above.
d}You may also be entitled to a lump sum payment from the Government under the Pneumoconiosis e.t.c{Workers Compensation}Act 1979,or in Northern Ireland,the Pneumoconiosis e.t.c{Workers Compensation}{Northern Ireland}Order 1979.

Whoever you choose to consult about benefits, you should always ask about a payment under the 1979 Act or Order and Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit.

These and some other benefits and compensations are what you are entitled to if you have been diagnosed with mesothelioma.
(ArticlesBase ID #1112489)
Bello kamorudeen

Bello Kamorudeen For more information on the other benefits and compensations and support for mesothelioma victims go to http://www.mesotheliomacorner.blogspot.com.
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Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that affects the thin membrane (called the mesothelium) lining the chest, lungs, abdomen and sometimes the heart. Mesothelioma is a relatively rare cancer with more than two hundred people affected in the US annually. The majority of mesothelioma cases are directly linked to asbestos...

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Friday, September 11, 2009

mesothelioma cancer the tests used for diagnosis science

Mesothelioma – The Tests Used For Diagnosis
Posted: Aug 25th, 2009 | Comments: 0 | Views: 5 | Bookmark and Share
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Mesothelioma – The Tests Used For Diagnosis

Author: Thomas Ajava

Cancer is a word that will scare even the bravest of folks. Mesothelioma is a form of cancer that is associated with asbestos exposure and is, fortunately, fairly rare. In this article, we take a look at the tests used for diagnosing it.

Unless you like reading Grey's Anatomy, you probably aren't aware of the significance of the name of this cancer. Mesothelioma refers to a cancer of the Mesothelium. Huh? The Mesothelium is a lining that surrounds the chest and abdomen cavities as well as the organs. There is a lubricant in the lining that allows the organs to move about without injury. Mesothelioma is a cancerous growth in this lining.

Testing for Mesothelioma is fairly difficult. The cancer can take 15 to 40 years to manifest after exposure to asbestos. The preliminary test is nothing more than the chest x-ray you get with your yearly checkup. The x-ray can reveal abnormal growths. It rarely conclusively shows Mesothelioma, but does give the physician a heads up that further investigation is needed.

The next test used to diagnose the condition is a Cytology test. This is done by taking out fluid in the Mesothelium lining. It is then analyze in a lab in an effort to determine if any malignant cells are present. This test is starting to be used less often by physicians. Why? It is notoriously inaccurate!

Now we start getting to the serious tests. The first is known as a needle biopsy. In this test, a needle will be inserted into what appears to be the area of concern. A small amount of material is then removed and sent to the lab for analysis. This is a direct test of the area in question and usually reveals conclusively what is going on. If the area in question is not readily available to a needle, the biopsy may be done as a full surgery where the area is opened up and a sample is taken.

One of the things people constantly complain about when it comes to cancer diagnosis is the lack of a definitive answer. Every test suggests something, but few definitely indicate anything. The same frustration holds true for Mesothelioma. Until you have a biopsy done, you'll never really know if you have this form of cancer.

About the Author:

Thomas Ajava writes for TexasAsbestosLawsuits.com - where you can learn more about Texas asbestos lawsuits.

Article Source: ArticlesBase.com - Mesothelioma – The Tests Used For Diagnosis



Cancer is a word that will scare even the bravest of folks. Mesothelioma is a form of cancer that is associated with asbestos exposure and is, fortunately, fairly rare. In this article, we take a look at the tests used for diagnosing it.

Unless you like reading Grey's Anatomy, you probably aren't aware of the significance of the name of this cancer. Mesothelioma refers to a cancer of the Mesothelium. Huh? The Mesothelium is a lining that surrounds the chest and abdomen cavities as well as the organs. There is a lubricant in the lining that allows the organs to move about without injury. Mesothelioma is a cancerous growth in this lining.

Testing for Mesothelioma is fairly difficult. The cancer can take 15 to 40 years to manifest after exposure to asbestos. The preliminary test is nothing more than the chest x-ray you get with your yearly checkup. The x-ray can reveal abnormal growths. It rarely conclusively shows Mesothelioma, but does give the physician a heads up that further investigation is needed.

The next test used to diagnose the condition is a Cytology test. This is done by taking out fluid in the Mesothelium lining. It is then analyze in a lab in an effort to determine if any malignant cells are present. This test is starting to be used less often by physicians. Why? It is notoriously inaccurate!

Now we start getting to the serious tests. The first is known as a needle biopsy. In this test, a needle will be inserted into what appears to be the area of concern. A small amount of material is then removed and sent to the lab for analysis. This is a direct test of the area in question and usually reveals conclusively what is going on. If the area in question is not readily available to a needle, the biopsy may be done as a full surgery where the area is opened up and a sample is taken.

One of the things people constantly complain about when it comes to cancer diagnosis is the lack of a definitive answer. Every test suggests something, but few definitely indicate anything. The same frustration holds true for Mesothelioma. Until you have a biopsy done, you'll never really know if you have this form of cancer.
(ArticlesBase ID #1160984)
Thomas Ajava

Thomas Ajava writes for TexasAsbestosLawsuits.com - where you can learn more about Texas asbestos lawsuits.
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Article Tags: mesothelioma, cancer, tumor, lining, chest, lungs, heart, abdomen, x-ray, cytology, biopsy, diagnosis

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Monday, August 31, 2009

all about cancer

All about Cancer Characteristics
Posted: Aug 19th, 2008 | Comments: 0 | Views: 1,023 | Bookmark and Share
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All about Cancer Characteristics

Author: Matthias Zeitler

Cancer, the crabs can be described properly with the words like imaginative, conservative and tender. They are lonely by heart and need a lot of sympathy and care from the life. The characteristic traits of the cancer male, female and child are described below.

A Cancer Male

They are quite moody like a typical cancer. But this does not mean v that they are dishonest or narrow-minded. They are very romantic by nature and often are confident enough about their attractive appearance. They are fond of children and often get attracted towards women easily. They always prefer to be with their partner and are not really open to changes. They are kind but you cannot call them tender.

Whenever they get hurt, instead of saying it on the face they will brood over it in their own lonely self. They are insecured on inconfident at times but they will not let this come out in front of others. They have excellent sense of humor which makes them popular among the friends. This is not easy to understand a cancer male at the first meeting. They often prefer to stay away from the deep relationships but when they get into on e this is very much less likely that they will come out of it.

A Cancer Female

They bear the perfect feminine traits in their character. They are unconscious about the fact that their mannerisms and approaches are often seductive enough to attract the men. The cancer women may prefer to indulge in romantic and passionate relationships instead of being into the stable and secured ones. They have a strange characteristic feature. They like it when they are dominated or won over in any argument.

She prefers to be supported by somebody and often needs a close person to share her feelings and emotions. They are very much caring and compassionate with their babies and this is the reason why they make really good mothers. They are sympathetic and protective individuals. They bear a sanctifying appearance and often love to help and serve others. This is the reason that they get a lot of love and respect from others. Sometimes they are intuitive and often have a swinging mood.

A Cancer Child

They are very much vulnerable and loving. In fact most of the Cancerians in their childhood happen to be the mom's child. They are quite calm and tranquil by nature and they have a sympathetic attitude in their young age. But at the same time they can be little harsh and snappy if they are irritated to an extent. They create tantrums and get a hard time to understand that this is causing difficulty to the others.

They possess a powerful memory and can remember most of the incidents that took place in their childhood. These children always require a lot of support and sympathy. Otherwise they develop kind of inferiority complexes if their sensitivity is hurt at the young age. They are creative and imaginative and can grow up to become successful writers or craftsmen.

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Article Source: ArticlesBase.com - All about Cancer Characteristics



Cancer, the crabs can be described properly with the words like imaginative, conservative and tender. They are lonely by heart and need a lot of sympathy and care from the life. The characteristic traits of the cancer male, female and child are described below.

A Cancer Male

They are quite moody like a typical cancer. But this does not mean v that they are dishonest or narrow-minded. They are very romantic by nature and often are confident enough about their attractive appearance. They are fond of children and often get attracted towards women easily. They always prefer to be with their partner and are not really open to changes. They are kind but you cannot call them tender.

Whenever they get hurt, instead of saying it on the face they will brood over it in their own lonely self. They are insecured on inconfident at times but they will not let this come out in front of others. They have excellent sense of humor which makes them popular among the friends. This is not easy to understand a cancer male at the first meeting. They often prefer to stay away from the deep relationships but when they get into on e this is very much less likely that they will come out of it.

A Cancer Female

They bear the perfect feminine traits in their character. They are unconscious about the fact that their mannerisms and approaches are often seductive enough to attract the men. The cancer women may prefer to indulge in romantic and passionate relationships instead of being into the stable and secured ones. They have a strange characteristic feature. They like it when they are dominated or won over in any argument.

She prefers to be supported by somebody and often needs a close person to share her feelings and emotions. They are very much caring and compassionate with their babies and this is the reason why they make really good mothers. They are sympathetic and protective individuals. They bear a sanctifying appearance and often love to help and serve others. This is the reason that they get a lot of love and respect from others. Sometimes they are intuitive and often have a swinging mood.

A Cancer Child

They are very much vulnerable and loving. In fact most of the Cancerians in their childhood happen to be the mom's child. They are quite calm and tranquil by nature and they have a sympathetic attitude in their young age. But at the same time they can be little harsh and snappy if they are irritated to an extent. They create tantrums and get a hard time to understand that this is causing difficulty to the others.

They possess a powerful memory and can remember most of the incidents that took place in their childhood. These children always require a lot of support and sympathy. Otherwise they develop kind of inferiority complexes if their sensitivity is hurt at the young age. They are creative and imaginative and can grow up to become successful writers or craftsmen.
(ArticlesBase ID #526993)
Matthias Zeitler

If you are interested in horoscope cancer then install Biotrend to learn more about love horoscopes
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mesothelioma cancer article

* Malignant mesothelioma is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the lining of the chest or abdomen.
* Being exposed to asbestos can affect the risk of developing malignant mesothelioma.
* Possible signs of malignant mesothelioma include shortness of breath and pain under the rib cage.
* Tests that examine the inside of the chest and abdomen are used to detect (find) and diagnose malignant mesothelioma.
* Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options.

Malignant mesothelioma is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the lining of the chest or abdomen.

Malignant mesothelioma is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells are found in the pleura (the thin layer of tissue that lines the chest cavity and covers the lungs) or the peritoneum (the thin layer of tissue that lines the abdomen and covers most of the organs in the abdomen). This summary is about malignant mesothelioma of the pleura.

Being exposed to asbestos can affect the risk of developing malignant mesothelioma.

Many people with malignant mesothelioma have worked or lived in places where they inhaled or swallowed asbestos. After being exposed to asbestos, it usually takes a long time for malignant mesothelioma to occur. Other risk factors for malignant mesothelioma include the following:

* Living with a person who works near asbestos.
* Being exposed to a certain virus.

Possible signs of malignant mesothelioma include shortness of breath and pain under the rib cage.

Sometimes the cancer causes fluid to collect around the lung or in the abdomen. These symptoms may be caused by the fluid or malignant mesothelioma. Other conditions may cause the same symptoms. A doctor should be consulted if any of the following problems occur:

* Trouble breathing.
* Pain under the rib cage.
* Pain or swelling in the abdomen.
* Lumps in the abdomen.
* Weight loss for no known reason.

Tests that examine the inside of the chest and abdomen are used to detect (find) and diagnose malignant mesothelioma.

Sometimes it is hard to tell the difference between malignant mesothelioma and lung cancer. The following tests and procedures may be used:

* Physical exam and history: An exam of the body to check general signs of health, including checking for signs of disease, such as lumps or anything else that seems unusual. A history of the patient’s health habits, exposure to asbestos, past illnesses and treatments will also be taken.
* Chest x-ray: An x-ray of the organs and bones inside the chest. An x-ray is a type of energy beam that can go through the body and onto film, making a picture of areas inside the body.
* Complete blood count (CBC): A procedure in which a sample of blood is drawn and checked for the following:
o The number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
o The amount of haemoglobin (the protein that carries oxygen) in the red blood cells.
o The portion of the blood sample made up of red blood cells.
* Sedimentation rate: A procedure in which a sample of blood is drawn and checked for the rate at which the red blood cells settle to the bottom of the test tube.
* Biopsy: The removal of cells or tissues from the pleura or peritoneum so they can be viewed under a microscope by a pathologist to check for signs of cancer. Procedures used to collect the cells or tissues include the following:
o Fine-needle aspiration biopsy: The removal of part of a lump, suspicious tissue, or fluid, using a thin needle. This procedure is also called a needle biopsy.
o Thoracoscopy: An incision (cut) is made between two ribs and a thoracoscope (a thin, lighted tube) is inserted into the chest.
o Peritoneoscopy: An incision (cut) is made in the abdominal wall and a peritoneoscope (a thin, lighted tube) is inserted into the abdomen.
o Laparotomy: An incision (cut) is made in the wall of the abdomen to check the inside of the abdomen for signs of disease.
o Thoracotomy: An incision (cut) is made between two ribs to check inside the chest for signs of disease.
* Bronchoscopy: A procedure to look inside the trachea and large airways in the lung for abnormal areas. A bronchoscope (a thin, lighted tube) is inserted through the nose or mouth into the trachea and lungs. Tissue samples may be taken for biopsy.
* Cytologic exam: An exam of cells under a microscope (by a pathologist) to check for anything abnormal. For mesothelioma, fluid is taken from around the lungs or from the abdomen. A pathologist checks the cells in the fluid.

Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options.

The prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options depend on the following:

* The stage of the cancer.
* The size of the tumour.
* Whether the tumour can be removed completely by surgery.
* The amount of fluid in the chest or abdomen.
* The patient's age and general health, including lung and heart health.
* The type of mesothelioma cancer cells and how they look under a microscope.
* Whether the cancer has just been diagnosed or has recurred (come back).

Stages of Malignant Mesothelioma

Key Points for This Section

* After malignant mesothelioma has been diagnosed, tests are done to find out if cancer cells have spread to other parts of the body.
* The stages of malignant mesothelioma are divided into two groups.
o Localised malignant mesothelioma (stage I)
o Advanced malignant mesothelioma (stage II, stage III, and stage IV)

After malignant mesothelioma has been diagnosed, tests are done to find out if cancer cells have spread to other parts of the body.

The process used to find out if cancer has spread outside the pleura or peritoneum is called staging. The information gathered from the staging process determines the stage of the disease. It is important to know the spread of the cancer in order to plan treatment. The following tests and procedures may be used in the staging process:
o Chest x-ray: An x-ray of the organs and bones inside the chest. An x-ray is a type of energy beam that can go through the body and onto film, making a picture of areas inside the body.
o CT scan (CAT scan): A procedure that makes a series of detailed pictures of the chest and abdomen, taken from different angles. The pictures are made by a computer linked to an x-ray machine. A dye may be injected into a vein or swallowed to help the organs or tissues show up more clearly. This procedure is also called computed tomography, computerised tomography, or computerised axial tomography.
o MRI (magnetic resonance imaging): A procedure that uses a magnet, radio waves, and a computer to make a series of detailed pictures of the chest or abdomen. This procedure is also called nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI).

The stages of malignant mesothelioma are divided into two groups.

Malignant mesothelioma stages are grouped into localised and advanced.

Localised malignant mesothelioma (stage I)

In localised malignant mesothelioma, cancer is found in the lining of the chest wall and may also be found in the lining of the lung, the lining of the diaphragm, or the lining of the sac that covers the heart on the same side of the chest.

Advanced malignant mesothelioma (stage II, stage III, and stage IV)

Advanced malignant mesothelioma includes stage II, stage III, and stage IV.
o In stage II, cancer is found in the lining of the chest wall and the lymph nodes on the same side of the chest. Cancer may also be found in the lining of the lung, the lining of the diaphragm, or the lining of the sac that covers the heart on the same side of the chest.
o In stage III, cancer has spread to any of the following areas:
o The chest wall.
o The mediastinum.
o The heart.
o Beyond the diaphragm.
o The peritoneum.
Cancer may have also spread to lymph nodes on the other side of the chest or outside the chest.
o In stage IV, cancer has spread to distant organs or tissues.

Recurrent Malignant Mesothelioma

Recurrent malignant mesothelioma is cancer that has recurred (come back) after it has been treated. The cancer may come back in the chest or abdomen or in other parts of the body.

Treatment Option Overview

Key Points for This Section
o There are different types of treatment for patients with malignant mesothelioma.
o Three types of standard treatment are used:
o Surgery
o Radiation therapy
o Chemotherapy
o New types of treatment that are being tested in clinical trials include the following:
o Biologic therapy

There are different types of treatment for patients with malignant mesothelioma.

Different types of treatments are available for patients with malignant mesothelioma. Some treatments are standard (the currently used treatment), and some are being tested in clinical trials. Before starting treatment, patients may want to think about taking part in a clinical trial. A treatment clinical trial is a research study meant to help improve current treatments or obtain information on new treatments for patients with cancer. When clinical trials show that a new treatment is better than the standard treatment, the new treatment may become the standard treatment.

Clinical trials are taking place in many parts of the country. Information about ongoing clinical trials is available from the NCI Web site. Choosing the most appropriate cancer treatment is a decision that ideally involves the patient, family, and health care team.

Three types of standard treatment are used:

Surgery

The following surgical treatments may be used for malignant mesothelioma:
+ Wide local excision: Surgery to remove the cancer and some of the healthy tissue around it.
+ Pleurectomy and decortication: Surgery to remove part of the covering of the lungs and lining of the chest and part of the outside surface of the lungs.
+ Extrapleural pneumonectomy: Surgery to remove one whole lung and part of the lining of the chest, the diaphragm, and the lining of the sac around the heart.
+ Pleurodesis: A surgical procedure that uses chemicals or drugs to make a scar in the space between the layers of the pleura. Fluid is first drained from the space using a catheter or chest tube and the chemical or drug is put into the space. The scarring stops the build-up of fluid in the pleural cavity.

Even if the doctor removes all the cancer that can be seen at the time of the surgery, some patients may be given chemotherapy or radiation therapy after surgery to kill any cancer cells that are left. Treatment given after surgery, to increase the chances of a cure, is called adjuvant therapy.

Radiation therapy

Radiation therapy is a cancer treatment that uses high-energy x-rays or other types of radiation to kill cancer cells. There are two types of radiation therapy. External radiation therapy uses a machine outside the body to send radiation toward the cancer. Internal radiation therapy uses a radioactive substance sealed in needles, seeds, wires, or catheters that are placed directly into or near the cancer. The way the radiation therapy is given depends on the type and stage of the cancer being treated.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy is a cancer treatment that uses drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping the cells from dividing. When chemotherapy is taken by mouth or injected into a vein or muscle, the drugs enter the bloodstream and can reach cancer cells throughout the body (systemic chemotherapy). When chemotherapy is placed directly into the spinal column, an organ, or a body cavity such as the abdomen, the drugs mainly affect cancer cells in those areas (regional chemotherapy). Combination chemotherapy is the use of more than one anticancer drug. The way the chemotherapy is given depends on the type and stage of the cancer being treated.

New types of treatment that are being tested in clinical trials include the following:

Biologic therapy

Biologic therapy is a treatment that uses the patient’s immune system to fight cancer. Substances made by the body or made in a laboratory are used to boost, direct, or restore the body’s natural defenses against cancer. This type of cancer treatment is also called biotherapy or immunotherapy.

Treatment Options for Malignant Mesothelioma

Localised Malignant Mesothelioma (Stage I)

If the malignant mesothelioma is in one part of the chest lining, treatment will probably be surgery to remove the part of the chest lining with cancer and some of the tissue around it.

If localised malignant mesothelioma is found in more than one place in the chest, treatment may be one of the following:
+ Pleurectomy and decortication, with or without radiation therapy, as palliative therapy to relieve symptoms and improve the quality of life.
+ Extrapleural pneumonectomy.
+ Radiation therapy as palliative therapy to relieve symptoms and improve the quality of life.
+ A clinical trial of anticancer drugs placed directly into the chest after surgery to remove the tumour.
+ A clinical trial of combinations of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.
+ A clinical trial of a new treatment.

Advanced Malignant Mesothelioma (Stage II, Stage III, and Stage IV)

Treatment of advanced malignant mesothelioma may include the following:
+ Surgery to drain fluid that has collected in the chest, to reduce discomfort. Pleurodesis may be done to stop more fluid from collecting in the chest.
+ Pleurectomy and decortication, as palliative therapy to relieve symptoms and improve the quality of life.
+ Radiation therapy as palliative therapy to relieve pain.
+ Chemotherapy with one anticancer drug.
+ A clinical trial of combination chemotherapy.
+ A clinical trial of combinations of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.
+ A clinical trial of chemotherapy placed directly into the chest cavity or abdominal cavity to shrink the tumours and keep fluid from building up.

Recurrent Malignant Mesothelioma

Treatment of recurrent malignant mesothelioma may include the following:
+ A clinical trial of biologic therapy.
+ A clinical trial of chemotherapy.
+ A clinical trial of surgery.

mesothelioma cancer

Asbestos lung cancer is a group of diseases related to asbestos exposure.While the term itself is technically incorrect – only one of the diseases belonging to this group (asbestosis) originates in the lungs – it serves as a way of classifying asbestos-related diseases that affect the lungs. Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral that has been mined, processed, and used for over 6,000 years. The two most common diseases related to asbestos lung cancer are asbestosis and mesothelioma, with pleural mesothelioma being the most common form of mesothelioma. Both mesothelioma and asbestosis are associated with the inhalation of asbestos and subsequent inflammation caused by the lodging of asbestos in the lungs.
Mesothelioma

Malignant mesotheliomais a rare type of asbestos lung cancer that results from asbestos becoming lodged in the lining of the lung. However, unlike asbestosis, which originates in the lungs, mesothelioma occurs in the serous lining, which is the lining surrounding the outside of the lungs. Another thing that distinguishes mesothelioma from asbestosis is that it leads to the growth of tumors that are malignant (asbestosis leads to the growth of scar tissue, which is benign). This means that the growths in the lungs’ serous membranes related to mesothelioma are cancerous, can grow rapidly and can spread to other organs. Asbestosis, on the other hand, does not spread to other organs. When cancer tumors grow and then spread to other organs, this is called metastasis.
Pleural Mesothelioma

Mesothelioma can affect several different organs in the body, not just the lungs. When mesothelioma occurs in the lungs, it is called pleural mesothelioma; when it occurs in the heart lining it is called pericardial mesothelioma; and when it occurs in the abdomen it is called peritoneal mesothelioma. Asbestos exposure is thought to be the primary cause of all three types of mesothelioma.

The timeline between asbestos exposure and the onset of pleural mesothelioma is very long (30 to 40 years). Pleural mesothelioma can be detected by x-rays, but the diagnosis of pleural mesothelioma has to be confirmed with a biopsy. The treatments for pleural mesothelioma are similar to other cancers. They include chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgical removal of the cancerous tissues. However, it is important to note that different types of cancers respond differently to different types of treatments. As a result, a patient’s treatment plan is based on his or her individual case. Unfortunately, the disease is very aggressive, and most treatments do not slow its progression. The life expectancy of those diagnosed with pleural mesothelioma is less than a year.
Asbestosis

Asbestosis is a disease in which asbestos fibers cause scarring of the lungs and lead to asbestos lung cancer; however, it is not a type of lung cancer. This disease occurs because asbestos fibers are tiny, yet durable; when they are inhaled, the lungs' natural filtration system is unable to eliminate them from the air. As a result, asbestos is able to enter the very sterile inner reaches of the lung cavities. When asbestos fibers become lodged in the lining of the lung, the lungs become inflamed, which eventually leads to scarring of the lung lining.

The timeline between when the asbestos enters the lungs and when the scarring begins can last as long as ten years. Eventually, if enough scarring occurs in the lungs, fibrosis develops in the lung lining. Fibrosis is defined as the development of excess fibrous connective tissue in an organ. This connective tissue cripples the areas of the lungs that it invades. Thus, over time, large areas of the lung are unable to function. Similar to pleural mesothelioma, the total timeline between exposure to asbestos and the development of large areas of fibrosis can be as long as 30 or 40 years.

Asbestosis is normally detected with an x-ray showing the large fibrous growths in the lungs. The initial symptom is difficulty breathing. There is no cure for asbestosis, and eventually the fibrous tissue can spread throughout the lungs and make it impossible to breath. Congestive heart failure is a common cause of death related to asbestosis. The heart becomes overworked in its attempt to push enough blood through the lungs to carry sufficient oxygen to the rest of the body.

[Page updated March 2008]

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