Monday, July 20, 2009

mesothelioma cancer article

* Malignant mesothelioma is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the lining of the chest or abdomen.
* Being exposed to asbestos can affect the risk of developing malignant mesothelioma.
* Possible signs of malignant mesothelioma include shortness of breath and pain under the rib cage.
* Tests that examine the inside of the chest and abdomen are used to detect (find) and diagnose malignant mesothelioma.
* Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options.

Malignant mesothelioma is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the lining of the chest or abdomen.

Malignant mesothelioma is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells are found in the pleura (the thin layer of tissue that lines the chest cavity and covers the lungs) or the peritoneum (the thin layer of tissue that lines the abdomen and covers most of the organs in the abdomen). This summary is about malignant mesothelioma of the pleura.

Being exposed to asbestos can affect the risk of developing malignant mesothelioma.

Many people with malignant mesothelioma have worked or lived in places where they inhaled or swallowed asbestos. After being exposed to asbestos, it usually takes a long time for malignant mesothelioma to occur. Other risk factors for malignant mesothelioma include the following:

* Living with a person who works near asbestos.
* Being exposed to a certain virus.

Possible signs of malignant mesothelioma include shortness of breath and pain under the rib cage.

Sometimes the cancer causes fluid to collect around the lung or in the abdomen. These symptoms may be caused by the fluid or malignant mesothelioma. Other conditions may cause the same symptoms. A doctor should be consulted if any of the following problems occur:

* Trouble breathing.
* Pain under the rib cage.
* Pain or swelling in the abdomen.
* Lumps in the abdomen.
* Weight loss for no known reason.

Tests that examine the inside of the chest and abdomen are used to detect (find) and diagnose malignant mesothelioma.

Sometimes it is hard to tell the difference between malignant mesothelioma and lung cancer. The following tests and procedures may be used:

* Physical exam and history: An exam of the body to check general signs of health, including checking for signs of disease, such as lumps or anything else that seems unusual. A history of the patient’s health habits, exposure to asbestos, past illnesses and treatments will also be taken.
* Chest x-ray: An x-ray of the organs and bones inside the chest. An x-ray is a type of energy beam that can go through the body and onto film, making a picture of areas inside the body.
* Complete blood count (CBC): A procedure in which a sample of blood is drawn and checked for the following:
o The number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
o The amount of haemoglobin (the protein that carries oxygen) in the red blood cells.
o The portion of the blood sample made up of red blood cells.
* Sedimentation rate: A procedure in which a sample of blood is drawn and checked for the rate at which the red blood cells settle to the bottom of the test tube.
* Biopsy: The removal of cells or tissues from the pleura or peritoneum so they can be viewed under a microscope by a pathologist to check for signs of cancer. Procedures used to collect the cells or tissues include the following:
o Fine-needle aspiration biopsy: The removal of part of a lump, suspicious tissue, or fluid, using a thin needle. This procedure is also called a needle biopsy.
o Thoracoscopy: An incision (cut) is made between two ribs and a thoracoscope (a thin, lighted tube) is inserted into the chest.
o Peritoneoscopy: An incision (cut) is made in the abdominal wall and a peritoneoscope (a thin, lighted tube) is inserted into the abdomen.
o Laparotomy: An incision (cut) is made in the wall of the abdomen to check the inside of the abdomen for signs of disease.
o Thoracotomy: An incision (cut) is made between two ribs to check inside the chest for signs of disease.
* Bronchoscopy: A procedure to look inside the trachea and large airways in the lung for abnormal areas. A bronchoscope (a thin, lighted tube) is inserted through the nose or mouth into the trachea and lungs. Tissue samples may be taken for biopsy.
* Cytologic exam: An exam of cells under a microscope (by a pathologist) to check for anything abnormal. For mesothelioma, fluid is taken from around the lungs or from the abdomen. A pathologist checks the cells in the fluid.

Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options.

The prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options depend on the following:

* The stage of the cancer.
* The size of the tumour.
* Whether the tumour can be removed completely by surgery.
* The amount of fluid in the chest or abdomen.
* The patient's age and general health, including lung and heart health.
* The type of mesothelioma cancer cells and how they look under a microscope.
* Whether the cancer has just been diagnosed or has recurred (come back).

Stages of Malignant Mesothelioma

Key Points for This Section

* After malignant mesothelioma has been diagnosed, tests are done to find out if cancer cells have spread to other parts of the body.
* The stages of malignant mesothelioma are divided into two groups.
o Localised malignant mesothelioma (stage I)
o Advanced malignant mesothelioma (stage II, stage III, and stage IV)

After malignant mesothelioma has been diagnosed, tests are done to find out if cancer cells have spread to other parts of the body.

The process used to find out if cancer has spread outside the pleura or peritoneum is called staging. The information gathered from the staging process determines the stage of the disease. It is important to know the spread of the cancer in order to plan treatment. The following tests and procedures may be used in the staging process:
o Chest x-ray: An x-ray of the organs and bones inside the chest. An x-ray is a type of energy beam that can go through the body and onto film, making a picture of areas inside the body.
o CT scan (CAT scan): A procedure that makes a series of detailed pictures of the chest and abdomen, taken from different angles. The pictures are made by a computer linked to an x-ray machine. A dye may be injected into a vein or swallowed to help the organs or tissues show up more clearly. This procedure is also called computed tomography, computerised tomography, or computerised axial tomography.
o MRI (magnetic resonance imaging): A procedure that uses a magnet, radio waves, and a computer to make a series of detailed pictures of the chest or abdomen. This procedure is also called nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI).

The stages of malignant mesothelioma are divided into two groups.

Malignant mesothelioma stages are grouped into localised and advanced.

Localised malignant mesothelioma (stage I)

In localised malignant mesothelioma, cancer is found in the lining of the chest wall and may also be found in the lining of the lung, the lining of the diaphragm, or the lining of the sac that covers the heart on the same side of the chest.

Advanced malignant mesothelioma (stage II, stage III, and stage IV)

Advanced malignant mesothelioma includes stage II, stage III, and stage IV.
o In stage II, cancer is found in the lining of the chest wall and the lymph nodes on the same side of the chest. Cancer may also be found in the lining of the lung, the lining of the diaphragm, or the lining of the sac that covers the heart on the same side of the chest.
o In stage III, cancer has spread to any of the following areas:
o The chest wall.
o The mediastinum.
o The heart.
o Beyond the diaphragm.
o The peritoneum.
Cancer may have also spread to lymph nodes on the other side of the chest or outside the chest.
o In stage IV, cancer has spread to distant organs or tissues.

Recurrent Malignant Mesothelioma

Recurrent malignant mesothelioma is cancer that has recurred (come back) after it has been treated. The cancer may come back in the chest or abdomen or in other parts of the body.

Treatment Option Overview

Key Points for This Section
o There are different types of treatment for patients with malignant mesothelioma.
o Three types of standard treatment are used:
o Surgery
o Radiation therapy
o Chemotherapy
o New types of treatment that are being tested in clinical trials include the following:
o Biologic therapy

There are different types of treatment for patients with malignant mesothelioma.

Different types of treatments are available for patients with malignant mesothelioma. Some treatments are standard (the currently used treatment), and some are being tested in clinical trials. Before starting treatment, patients may want to think about taking part in a clinical trial. A treatment clinical trial is a research study meant to help improve current treatments or obtain information on new treatments for patients with cancer. When clinical trials show that a new treatment is better than the standard treatment, the new treatment may become the standard treatment.

Clinical trials are taking place in many parts of the country. Information about ongoing clinical trials is available from the NCI Web site. Choosing the most appropriate cancer treatment is a decision that ideally involves the patient, family, and health care team.

Three types of standard treatment are used:

Surgery

The following surgical treatments may be used for malignant mesothelioma:
+ Wide local excision: Surgery to remove the cancer and some of the healthy tissue around it.
+ Pleurectomy and decortication: Surgery to remove part of the covering of the lungs and lining of the chest and part of the outside surface of the lungs.
+ Extrapleural pneumonectomy: Surgery to remove one whole lung and part of the lining of the chest, the diaphragm, and the lining of the sac around the heart.
+ Pleurodesis: A surgical procedure that uses chemicals or drugs to make a scar in the space between the layers of the pleura. Fluid is first drained from the space using a catheter or chest tube and the chemical or drug is put into the space. The scarring stops the build-up of fluid in the pleural cavity.

Even if the doctor removes all the cancer that can be seen at the time of the surgery, some patients may be given chemotherapy or radiation therapy after surgery to kill any cancer cells that are left. Treatment given after surgery, to increase the chances of a cure, is called adjuvant therapy.

Radiation therapy

Radiation therapy is a cancer treatment that uses high-energy x-rays or other types of radiation to kill cancer cells. There are two types of radiation therapy. External radiation therapy uses a machine outside the body to send radiation toward the cancer. Internal radiation therapy uses a radioactive substance sealed in needles, seeds, wires, or catheters that are placed directly into or near the cancer. The way the radiation therapy is given depends on the type and stage of the cancer being treated.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy is a cancer treatment that uses drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping the cells from dividing. When chemotherapy is taken by mouth or injected into a vein or muscle, the drugs enter the bloodstream and can reach cancer cells throughout the body (systemic chemotherapy). When chemotherapy is placed directly into the spinal column, an organ, or a body cavity such as the abdomen, the drugs mainly affect cancer cells in those areas (regional chemotherapy). Combination chemotherapy is the use of more than one anticancer drug. The way the chemotherapy is given depends on the type and stage of the cancer being treated.

New types of treatment that are being tested in clinical trials include the following:

Biologic therapy

Biologic therapy is a treatment that uses the patient’s immune system to fight cancer. Substances made by the body or made in a laboratory are used to boost, direct, or restore the body’s natural defenses against cancer. This type of cancer treatment is also called biotherapy or immunotherapy.

Treatment Options for Malignant Mesothelioma

Localised Malignant Mesothelioma (Stage I)

If the malignant mesothelioma is in one part of the chest lining, treatment will probably be surgery to remove the part of the chest lining with cancer and some of the tissue around it.

If localised malignant mesothelioma is found in more than one place in the chest, treatment may be one of the following:
+ Pleurectomy and decortication, with or without radiation therapy, as palliative therapy to relieve symptoms and improve the quality of life.
+ Extrapleural pneumonectomy.
+ Radiation therapy as palliative therapy to relieve symptoms and improve the quality of life.
+ A clinical trial of anticancer drugs placed directly into the chest after surgery to remove the tumour.
+ A clinical trial of combinations of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.
+ A clinical trial of a new treatment.

Advanced Malignant Mesothelioma (Stage II, Stage III, and Stage IV)

Treatment of advanced malignant mesothelioma may include the following:
+ Surgery to drain fluid that has collected in the chest, to reduce discomfort. Pleurodesis may be done to stop more fluid from collecting in the chest.
+ Pleurectomy and decortication, as palliative therapy to relieve symptoms and improve the quality of life.
+ Radiation therapy as palliative therapy to relieve pain.
+ Chemotherapy with one anticancer drug.
+ A clinical trial of combination chemotherapy.
+ A clinical trial of combinations of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.
+ A clinical trial of chemotherapy placed directly into the chest cavity or abdominal cavity to shrink the tumours and keep fluid from building up.

Recurrent Malignant Mesothelioma

Treatment of recurrent malignant mesothelioma may include the following:
+ A clinical trial of biologic therapy.
+ A clinical trial of chemotherapy.
+ A clinical trial of surgery.

mesothelioma cancer

Asbestos lung cancer is a group of diseases related to asbestos exposure.While the term itself is technically incorrect – only one of the diseases belonging to this group (asbestosis) originates in the lungs – it serves as a way of classifying asbestos-related diseases that affect the lungs. Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral that has been mined, processed, and used for over 6,000 years. The two most common diseases related to asbestos lung cancer are asbestosis and mesothelioma, with pleural mesothelioma being the most common form of mesothelioma. Both mesothelioma and asbestosis are associated with the inhalation of asbestos and subsequent inflammation caused by the lodging of asbestos in the lungs.
Mesothelioma

Malignant mesotheliomais a rare type of asbestos lung cancer that results from asbestos becoming lodged in the lining of the lung. However, unlike asbestosis, which originates in the lungs, mesothelioma occurs in the serous lining, which is the lining surrounding the outside of the lungs. Another thing that distinguishes mesothelioma from asbestosis is that it leads to the growth of tumors that are malignant (asbestosis leads to the growth of scar tissue, which is benign). This means that the growths in the lungs’ serous membranes related to mesothelioma are cancerous, can grow rapidly and can spread to other organs. Asbestosis, on the other hand, does not spread to other organs. When cancer tumors grow and then spread to other organs, this is called metastasis.
Pleural Mesothelioma

Mesothelioma can affect several different organs in the body, not just the lungs. When mesothelioma occurs in the lungs, it is called pleural mesothelioma; when it occurs in the heart lining it is called pericardial mesothelioma; and when it occurs in the abdomen it is called peritoneal mesothelioma. Asbestos exposure is thought to be the primary cause of all three types of mesothelioma.

The timeline between asbestos exposure and the onset of pleural mesothelioma is very long (30 to 40 years). Pleural mesothelioma can be detected by x-rays, but the diagnosis of pleural mesothelioma has to be confirmed with a biopsy. The treatments for pleural mesothelioma are similar to other cancers. They include chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgical removal of the cancerous tissues. However, it is important to note that different types of cancers respond differently to different types of treatments. As a result, a patient’s treatment plan is based on his or her individual case. Unfortunately, the disease is very aggressive, and most treatments do not slow its progression. The life expectancy of those diagnosed with pleural mesothelioma is less than a year.
Asbestosis

Asbestosis is a disease in which asbestos fibers cause scarring of the lungs and lead to asbestos lung cancer; however, it is not a type of lung cancer. This disease occurs because asbestos fibers are tiny, yet durable; when they are inhaled, the lungs' natural filtration system is unable to eliminate them from the air. As a result, asbestos is able to enter the very sterile inner reaches of the lung cavities. When asbestos fibers become lodged in the lining of the lung, the lungs become inflamed, which eventually leads to scarring of the lung lining.

The timeline between when the asbestos enters the lungs and when the scarring begins can last as long as ten years. Eventually, if enough scarring occurs in the lungs, fibrosis develops in the lung lining. Fibrosis is defined as the development of excess fibrous connective tissue in an organ. This connective tissue cripples the areas of the lungs that it invades. Thus, over time, large areas of the lung are unable to function. Similar to pleural mesothelioma, the total timeline between exposure to asbestos and the development of large areas of fibrosis can be as long as 30 or 40 years.

Asbestosis is normally detected with an x-ray showing the large fibrous growths in the lungs. The initial symptom is difficulty breathing. There is no cure for asbestosis, and eventually the fibrous tissue can spread throughout the lungs and make it impossible to breath. Congestive heart failure is a common cause of death related to asbestosis. The heart becomes overworked in its attempt to push enough blood through the lungs to carry sufficient oxygen to the rest of the body.

[Page updated March 2008]

* Home
* Background Info
o Mesothelioma Statistics
o Mesothelioma Awareness Programs
o Causes of Mesothelioma
o Mesothelioma History
* Types of Mesothelioma
o Pleural Mesothelioma
o Pericardial Mesothelioma
o Peritoneal Mesothelioma
* Mesothelioma Trials
o Investigative Treatments
o Clinical Trials with Current Treatments
* Cancer Cell Types
o Epithelioid Mesothelioma
o Sarcomatoid Mesothelioma
o Biphasic Mesothelioma
* Mesothelioma Symptoms
* Lungs & Mesothelium Diseases
o Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD)
o Pleural Plaques
o Pleural Thickening
* Lung Cancer
* Mesothelioma Diagnosis
o Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
o Osteopontin Blood Test
* Mesothelioma Treatment
o Radiation, Surgery, Trimodal Therapy
o Mesothelioma Chemotherapy
o Thoracentesis
o Extrapleural Pneumonectomy
o Treating Cancer Anorexia
o Treating Cancer Cachexia
o Diet and Nutrition
o Nutrition Before and During Treatment
* Treatment Centers
o Support Centers
o Univ. of Maryland Medical Center
o Moores Cancer Center at UCSD
o Lombardi Cancer Center
o NSMC Cancer Center
o UNM Cancer Research & Treatment Center
* Pain Management
* Mesothelioma News
* Patient Stories
o Zumwalt
o Forbes
o Couple Develop Mesothelioma
o Favorite Teacher
o Couldn't Catch His Breath
o Second Generation Victim
o Asbestos from Many Sources
o Wrote the Book On Safety
o Asbestos Accountant
o Didn't Work with Asbestos
o "Take Home Hazard"
o USS Forrestal
o Asbestos Blue
o Steve McQueen
o Auto Mechanic
o Paul Gleason
o Australian Firm Finds Asbestos Source
o The Subtle Killer
o Fighting for His Life
*
* Legal Help Locations
* Mesothelioma Lawsuits
* Mesothelioma Compensation
*
* About Asbestos
o Asbestos History
o Asbestos in Libby, MT
o Asbestos Uses
o Vermiculite & Asbestos
o Asbestos in Zonolite
* Asbestos Lung Cancer
* Asbestosis
o Asbestosis Symptoms
o Asbestosis Prognosis
o Asbestosis Treatments
o Asbestosis Patient Story
* Asbestos Exposure
o Asbestos-Use Companies
o New Risks for Exposure
o Asbestos Products
o Asbestos Jobs
o Asbestos in Vermiculite
o Asbestos in Construction
o Asbestos Larynx Cancer
o Asbestos in Brakes
o Veterans' Asbestos Rights
o Western MacArthur Trust



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meothelioma cancer and surviving

Mesothelioma Cancer and Surviving
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Mesothelioma Cancer and Surviving

Author: Thanate Tan

The cancer is rarely found in the United States, with less than 5000 victimized people. Generally, the older generation has been found to be the most affected.

Types of Treatment Available Surgery is the first treatment that the majority of patients go through. The malignant tumor masses are easily removed during surgery. A rather dangerous treatment, sends drugs throughout the body to further reach the cancer areas. Another treatment is using radiation; x-rays in high form. Radiation kills the mesothelioma cells.

Treatment by Chemical is given as a pill to injected into a vein. It can also be injected into the muscle. It is primarily used to target the local area of the tumor. During treatment, patients experience extreme side effects: vomiting, hair loss, nausea, exhaustion, and anorexia. Side effects are harbored specifically with treatments.

Chemotherapy can use a one-pill treatment that has success. Patients have better experiences with this type, also referred to single-agent therapy. Specific agents used are as follows: doxorubicin, carboplatin, mitomucin, cyclophosphamide, Ifosdomide and cisplatin. The response rate to these drugs range depending upon the drug.

A list of the rates follows below along with the related drug:

  • 15% response- doxorubicin, detrorubucin, pirarubicin, and epirubicin.
  • 10%-20%- carboplatin, mitomucin, cyclophosphamide, Ifosdomide and cisplatin.
  • 14% -- listed again is cisplatin.
  • 36%-- cisplatin, a rare case that lasted two to eight months.
  • The response rates are proven to be extremely low when using single-agent chemotherapy. Scientists are driven to study a number of treatment combinations for mesothelioma cancer patients. They have increased the response rates up to 44%, but still lack effectiveness. The combination treatments are not being used often enough for dramatic changes, slimming the effects on patients to single-agent therapy. A newer combination showing a 47% response rate uses a more recent agent called gemcitabine. The agent is used in combination with cisplatin. This research was performed in Australia by Australian researchers and has proven survival results with Stage III and IV patients. The research ran for 25 weeks and given a chance for survival at 41%.

    Given all the regimes for treating people, new research brings more treatments and the tools needed to perform. Doctors are getting many more patients and better at predicting the appropriate regime for specific patients. Patients are diagnosed based on their age and the cancer stage of mesothelioma they are in.

    About the Author:

    Thanate Tan is a contributing member to SuperGhostBlogger.com, helping online business reach their goals via Internet Marketing. Super Ghost Blogger can help blog owner maintain their blog by professional Ghost Blogger. With active blog, it will bring many benefits to business that want to famous. To find out more visit his Website and Services.

    Article Source: ArticlesBase.com - Mesothelioma Cancer and Surviving



    The cancer is rarely found in the United States, with less than 5000 victimized people. Generally, the older generation has been found to be the most affected.

    Types of Treatment Available Surgery is the first treatment that the majority of patients go through. The malignant tumor masses are easily removed during surgery. A rather dangerous treatment, sends drugs throughout the body to further reach the cancer areas. Another treatment is using radiation; x-rays in high form. Radiation kills the mesothelioma cells.

    Treatment by Chemical is given as a pill to injected into a vein. It can also be injected into the muscle. It is primarily used to target the local area of the tumor. During treatment, patients experience extreme side effects: vomiting, hair loss, nausea, exhaustion, and anorexia. Side effects are harbored specifically with treatments.

    Chemotherapy can use a one-pill treatment that has success. Patients have better experiences with this type, also referred to single-agent therapy. Specific agents used are as follows: doxorubicin, carboplatin, mitomucin, cyclophosphamide, Ifosdomide and cisplatin. The response rate to these drugs range depending upon the drug.

    A list of the rates follows below along with the related drug:
    # 15% response- doxorubicin, detrorubucin, pirarubicin, and epirubicin.
    # 10%-20%- carboplatin, mitomucin, cyclophosphamide, Ifosdomide and cisplatin.
    # 14% -- listed again is cisplatin.
    # 36%-- cisplatin, a rare case that lasted two to eight months.

    The response rates are proven to be extremely low when using single-agent chemotherapy. Scientists are driven to study a number of treatment combinations for mesothelioma cancer patients. They have increased the response rates up to 44%, but still lack effectiveness. The combination treatments are not being used often enough for dramatic changes, slimming the effects on patients to single-agent therapy. A newer combination showing a 47% response rate uses a more recent agent called gemcitabine. The agent is used in combination with cisplatin. This research was performed in Australia by Australian researchers and has proven survival results with Stage III and IV patients. The research ran for 25 weeks and given a chance for survival at 41%.

    Given all the regimes for treating people, new research brings more treatments and the tools needed to perform. Doctors are getting many more patients and better at predicting the appropriate regime for specific patients. Patients are diagnosed based on their age and the cancer stage of mesothelioma they are in.

    Friday, July 17, 2009

    development of cancer and charateristics of cancer cell

    Imagine a healthy tissue containing thousands of cells. Each cell serves the greater good, which is the continuation of a person’s life. Each cell is programmed so that when the cell is old or no longer needed, it dies a peaceful and timely death. This death is called apoptosis. All cells are in communication, which allows for the smooth repair and replacement of tissues and other aspects of cell behavior. Communication takes place either indirectly, via exchange of messenger compounds such as hormones and growth factors, or directly, via cell-to-cell contact. Contact allows cells to respond to the “feel” of neighboring cells, via cell adhesion molecules, and to exchange messenger molecules through cell-to-cell portals called gap junctions. With the help of proper communication, appropriate cells proliferate when new cells are needed, and when enough new cells have been produced, cell division stops.

    Cancer cells are the descendants of a normal cell in which something has gone wrong. In this normal cell, some kind of internal or external stress causes a mix-up in its genetic code (its DNA). This event is said to “initiate” the cell to a precancerous state. After its DNA has been damaged, the cell withdraws from close communication with its neighboring cells. Interrupted cell-to-cell communication is a common result of DNA damage or other forms of cellular damage. Separated from the regulatory controls of its community, it is now at the mercy of its environment. Let us say that the environment around this cell contains a promoting agent, which is a compound that stimulates cell proliferation. In response to the promoting agent, this precancerous cell divides to produce daughter cells, and these daughter cells divide to produce more daughter cells, and so on. All are proliferating only in response to the promoting agent. The promoting agent may be a chemical foreign to the body, or it could come from a natural process such as inflammation. One day, the worst occurs. The genetic instabilities passed down through the generations finally result in one cell that becomes capable of selfstimulation, and on this day an autonomous cancer cell is born. This cell no longer requires the promoting agent to stimulate its proliferation. The role of the promoting agent is made obsolete by the cell’s ability to make proteins such as growth factors that stimulate proliferation.

    This original cancer cell divides to produce daughter cells, these cells also divide, and soon there is a population of cancer cells. As they divide, they develop malignant characteristics, such as the ability to invade and metastasize. They also develop other characteristics that help assure survival, for example, the ability to evade the immune system, to mutate when faced with adverse conditions, and to induce the growth of new blood vessels through the process called angiogenesis. The development of these characteristics marks the third stage in carcinogenesis, the first two stages being initiation and promotion, respectively. I use the term progression to refer to both the third stage of carcinogenesis proper and to the entire postpromotion period of the cancer’s life. This correctly implies that progression is an ongoing, evolving process.

    Compared to normal cells, cancer cells have lost touch with their neighboring cells, their community purpose, and even largely with one another. They are a race of self-serving, easily adaptable cells, whose proliferation continues with the slightest provocation. They use more than their fair share of resources, live longer than their fair share of time, and produce more than their share of offspring. In short, they exhibit the two deadly characteristics of cancer: uncontrolled proliferation and uncontrolled spread.

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    Mesothelioma cause refers to the thing or event responsible for cancer mesothelioma. It is a cancer of the lining of the abdominal organs, lungs and heart. Almost all cases of mesothelioma some disease or the other are associated with exposure to asbestos particles. Exposure to asbestos particles could cause mesothelioma, even if the level of exposure is very low. Studies show that approximately 70 to 80% of all cases of mesothelioma have a history of exposure to asbestos and the identification of asbestos most important cause mesothelioma. Sur...

    7. Relation Between Mesothelioma Lung Cancer and Asbestos Exposure
    A good understanding of asbestos is necessary before attempting to understand lung cancer, mesothelioma. Asbestos, a natural mineral fiber, commonly used in the construction and manufacturing industries is detrimental to human health. Continuous inhalation of its fibers increases susceptibility to respiratory diseases and can lead to many dangerous diseases. A prime example of this dangerous disease is Mesothelioma lung cancer. In fact, lung cancer, mesothelioma is a misnomer because mesothelioma incidence of cancer of the lining of the lungs (...

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    how to reduce mesothelioma cancer risk

    Cause Mesothelioma is caused by the inhalation of asbestos dust in the lungs over many years of continuous exposure. These fibers lodge in the lining of the lungs and infected mesothelium tissues. Asbestos can cause coughing, lung damage, and shortness of breath in the short period of time for this inhaled.

    Symptoms
    Thyroid symptoms resemble pneumonia, cough, fatigue, wheezing, hoarseness, weight loss, blood in the lungs phlegm when coughing, breathing difficulties and abdominal pain. Mesothelioma often advanced before symptoms occur. This means that the prognosis is not very good, with an average survival time for all stages of malignant mesothelioma in a year.

    Salaries
    Thyroid treatment can be achieved by surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and palliative therapy.

    Surgery
    Surgery, known as pneumonectomy. There is a high risk factor in this operation, and its viability depends on the overall health of the patient. A pleurectomy is another type of intervention that can be used, and here part of the chest, the abdominal wall and surrounding tissue may be removed.

    Radiation Therapy
    Radiation therapy involves the use of high-voltage X-rays or gamma rays (XRT), which states that the goal of the region is being processed. These X-rays or gamma rays are very effective at destroying cancer cells that might reappear when the tumor was removed. These X-rays are delivered by a machine or linear accelerator or LINAC.

    Chemotherapy
    Chemotherapy may be given before and after surgery. Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy is used to reduce the size of a tumor before surgery. Adjuvant chemotherapy is given after surgery to reduce the risk of recurrence. Cancer cells usually grow faster than normal cells, and chemotherapy drugs work against them by interfering with the growth and reproduction. The disadvantage is that the chemotherapy drugs used may contain high levels of toxicity and thus can make patients very sick.

    Palliative therapy
    These therapies involve draining excess fluid of the patient through the use of a needle and aspiration. To prevent further accumulation of fluid drugs can be fed through a tube in the chest due to fluid flow.

    Get Free Mesothelioma Articles to discover all information about this disease at Mesothelioma Cancer Information WebSite.

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    1. Targets of Natural Compounds VS Targets of Chemotherapy Drugs
    Targets of Natural Compounds Cancer cells can be likened to drug addicts. They need a regular fix to keep them going, and without it, they fall apart. Their fix is the abnormally high throughput of proliferation signals (and “do not die” signals). Without these signals, some cancer cells enter a quiescent period, and many, unable to survive without a fix, die via apoptosis. Normal cells, which do not depend on such a high throughput of signals (or self-originated signals), tend ...


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    3. SEVEN STRATEGIES FOR CANCER INHIBITION
    To be clear, not all cancers develop exactly as in the scenario above. This scenario is common, however, and within it lies the foundation for all our discussions on cancer inhibition. From it, we can identify seven clusters of procancer events: 1. Induction of genetic instability. Each cancer cell carries within itself genetic instability, and this instability increases the chances the cell will be able to mutate as needed to adapt to its environment. 2. Abnormal expression of genes. ...

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    5. DEVELOPMENT OF CANCER AND CHARACTERISTICS OF CANCER CELLS
    Imagine a healthy tissue containing thousands of cells. Each cell serves the greater good, which is the continuation of a person’s life. Each cell is programmed so that when the cell is old or no longer needed, it dies a peaceful and timely death. This death is called apoptosis. All cells are in communication, which allows for the smooth repair and replacement of tissues and other aspects of cell behavior. Communication takes place either indirectly, via exchange of messenger compounds such as hormon...

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    Since the antioxidant vitamins tend to obtain the major part of the pressure and publicity, much of people are unaware of that there are also important antioxidant minerals which are essential with the continuous battle of the body against the free radicals and the damage that they. To make sure that the suitable food is consumed daily is a part necessary to help the body to be able to also low keep damage of free radical like possible. An mineral, the vitamin or any other food is considered antioxidant if it, only or as an essential ...

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    Are you afraid of writing a cancer research paper? Relax! Now writing a paper is no more a nightmare as, many companies provide personalized and professional writing services. A custom paper is assigned to students so that they can have a deep insight into a particular subject matter and can widen their area of understanding too. Students are also made to write the paper so that they can develop meticulous knowledge about the same. Comprehensive and informative paper fetch more marks and helps students to improve their grades. ...

    8. Mesothelioma Treatment
    There are several methods of treatment for mesothelioma although none of them have a high success rate. In general, the chances of curing a patient mesothelioma depends on how much the cancer has grown and matured processed. If tackle in its infancy, there is a good chance of survival. Because of the difficulty of diagnosis of mesothelioma in its infancy, many mesothelioma treatments focus on improving the quality of life of patients. Before a patient is being treated then the doctor will determine the best method of treatment is by conside...

    9. URINARY SEPTICAEMIA: TREATMENT
    Sepsis as a result of a urinary tract infection is a serious condition that can lead to septic shock and death. Septicaemia or sepsis is the clinical syndrome caused by bacterial infection of the blood, confirmed by positive blood cultures for a speci.c organism. There should be a documented source of infection with a systemic response to the infection. The systemic response is known as the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and is de.ned by as at least two of the following: - Fever (>38°C) o...

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    what causes mesothelioma cancer

    Asbestos is a natural fiber that is strong, flexible and very durable. It has been used in insulation and appliances for years because of its ability to withstand the heat and injuries. The fact that asbestos causes mesothelioma and other chronic lung conditions was unknown until the 1960's.

    Asbestos fibers are small, and when asbestos is mined or disturbed in any way, these fibers are released into the air. They then make their way into the lungs of anyone exposed, where they cause inflammation and the formation of scar tissue. This damage can lead to mesothelioma, and it is a pity that this is the most common cause of mesothelioma. Fiber to integrate themselves in the lungs, working their way through the membrane that surrounds the lungs and cause of this type of cancer.

    Thyroid in the abdomen is often caused when fibers are making their way into the mouth, are swallowed, and pass through the digestive system. Asbestos can also cause other forms of chronic lung disease and respiratory problems such as difficulty breathing.

    construction workers, those who live or work in factories near asbestos, asbestos miners, and all those who work in industries where asbestos is used are most capable of developing mesothelioma. While asbestos is no longer used, mesothelioma may not appear for as long as 60 years after exposure, if all those who think they may have been in contact with asbestos should be checked regularly for mesothelioma .

    Thyroid not develop without exposure to asbestos in rare cases, although the exact cause of these cases is not known. Since it was discovered that asbestos causes mesothelioma, most asbestos insulation and building materials have been removed from the market, and many buildings have been purged of their asbestos. Because asbestos is the major cause of mesothelioma, exposure to fiber optics should be avoided, and any person who has reason to be in contact with asbestos must take extra precautions to avoid inhalation or exposure other direct.

    AsbestosNews.com is an internet information resource containing advice about mesothelioma and asbestos exposure. Asbestos News has been providing people with information since 2001. If you'd like to find out more about mesothelioma and other asbestos-related health conditions, visit AsbestosNews.com.

    legal disclaimer

    1) Our website is not responsible for the information contained by this article as well for any and all copyright infringements by authors and writers. E-articles is a free information resource. If you suspect this article for any copyright infringements, please read the Terms of service and contact us to investigate the problem.
    2) The E-articles directory team is not responsible for inaccuracies, falsehoods, or any other types of misinformation this tutorial may contain and will not be liable for any loss or damage suffered by a user through the user's reliance on the information gained here. Please read the Terms of service
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    related articles
    1. SEVEN STRATEGIES FOR CANCER INHIBITION
    To be clear, not all cancers develop exactly as in the scenario above. This scenario is common, however, and within it lies the foundation for all our discussions on cancer inhibition. From it, we can identify seven clusters of procancer events: 1. Induction of genetic instability. Each cancer cell carries within itself genetic instability, and this instability increases the chances the cell will be able to mutate as needed to adapt to its environment. 2. Abnormal expression of genes. ...


    2. What are Free Radicals and how do they contribute to Cancer
    Free radicals are playing a role in gene mutations and oncogene overexpression. They are molecules that are unstable because they contain an unpaired electron. When a free radical molecule contacts the electrons of a stable molecule, the free radical molecule gains or loses electrons to achieve a stable paired-electron configuration. In the process, however, the electron balance of the stable molecule is disturbed, and the stable molecule becomes a free radical molecule. In this manner, free radica...

    3. DEVELOPMENT OF CANCER AND CHARACTERISTICS OF CANCER CELLS
    Imagine a healthy tissue containing thousands of cells. Each cell serves the greater good, which is the continuation of a person’s life. Each cell is programmed so that when the cell is old or no longer needed, it dies a peaceful and timely death. This death is called apoptosis. All cells are in communication, which allows for the smooth repair and replacement of tissues and other aspects of cell behavior. Communication takes place either indirectly, via exchange of messenger compounds such as hormon...

    4. How antioxidant vitamins and minerals protect your body
    Since the antioxidant vitamins tend to obtain the major part of the pressure and publicity, much of people are unaware of that there are also important antioxidant minerals which are essential with the continuous battle of the body against the free radicals and the damage that they. To make sure that the suitable food is consumed daily is a part necessary to help the body to be able to also low keep damage of free radical like possible. An mineral, the vitamin or any other food is considered antioxidant if it, only or as an essential ...

    5. How to Compose Cancer research paper
    Are you afraid of writing a cancer research paper? Relax! Now writing a paper is no more a nightmare as, many companies provide personalized and professional writing services. A custom paper is assigned to students so that they can have a deep insight into a particular subject matter and can widen their area of understanding too. Students are also made to write the paper so that they can develop meticulous knowledge about the same. Comprehensive and informative paper fetch more marks and helps students to improve their grades. ...

    6. Mesothelioma Treatment
    There are several methods of treatment for mesothelioma although none of them have a high success rate. In general, the chances of curing a patient mesothelioma depends on how much the cancer has grown and matured processed. If tackle in its infancy, there is a good chance of survival. Because of the difficulty of diagnosis of mesothelioma in its infancy, many mesothelioma treatments focus on improving the quality of life of patients. Before a patient is being treated then the doctor will determine the best method of treatment is by conside...

    7. URINARY SEPTICAEMIA: TREATMENT
    Sepsis as a result of a urinary tract infection is a serious condition that can lead to septic shock and death. Septicaemia or sepsis is the clinical syndrome caused by bacterial infection of the blood, confirmed by positive blood cultures for a speci.c organism. There should be a documented source of infection with a systemic response to the infection. The systemic response is known as the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and is de.ned by as at least two of the following: - Fever (>38°C) o...

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    Monday, July 13, 2009

    mesothelioma cause asbestos exposure

    MESOTHELIOMA'S CAUSE - ASBESTOS EXPOSURE

    At some point in our lives, nearly all of us have been exposed to asbestos in the air we breathe and the water we drink; from natural deposits in the earth, and from the deterioration of asbestos products around us. Most of us, however, do not become ill as a result of our exposure. More commonly, those who at some point are diagnosed with asbestos disease, have worked in jobs where more substantial exposure occurred over longer periods of time. Nevertheless, cases of mesothelioma have been documented as the result of lesser exposure, affecting family members of workers who came into contact with asbestos and brought it home on their clothing, skin or hair, or affecting those who lived in close proximity to asbestos manufacturing facilities. Symptoms of asbestos disease usually are not be apparent until decades after exposure.

    Asbestos was used commercially in North America as early as the late 1800s, but its use increased dramatically during the World War II era when shipyards produced massive numbers of ships for the war effort. Since that time, asbestos-containing products were used by the construction and building trades, the automotive industry and the manufacturing industry. All told, more than 5,000 products contained asbestos.

    For more than 50 years, products containing asbestos remained unregulated, and the manufacturers of those products continued to prosper, knowing full well that many of the millions of workers who came into contact with their products would ultimately suffer as the result of their actions. Finally, in the late 1970s, the Consumer Products Safety Commission banned the use of asbestos in wallboard patching compounds and artificial ash for gas fireplaces because the fiber could easily be released during use. In 1989, the Environmental Protection Agency banned all new use of asbestos, but uses established prior to that time were still allowed. Although awareness of the dangers of asbestos and public concern over the issue have led to a decline in domestic consumption over the years, a total ban on asbestos has not come to fruition. Asbestos is still imported, still used and still dangerous.

    Although it is suggested that the number of mesothelioma cases in the U.S. has reached its peak and has begun to drop, a forecast released by the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER), in April, 2003, projected the total number of American male mesothelioma cases from 2003-2054 to be approximately 71,000. This number, however, does not take into consideration events such as the World Trade Center disaster on September 11, 2001, when millions of New Yorkers were potentially exposed to air filled with carcinogenic asbestos particles. The incidence of mesothelioma cases by state and county are shown in these tables. When the latency period for asbestos disease is factored in, cases of mesothelioma will continue to be diagnosed for years to come. See our page on mesothelioma risk factors.

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    Symptoms of mesothelioma


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    Sources for the information on this page:

    Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry - Tremolite Asbestos Health Consultation

    National Cancer Institute - Asbestos Exposure and Cancer Risk
    http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Risk/asbestos

    Centers for Disease Control
    Work-Related Lung Disease (WoRLD) Surveillance System

    American Journal of Pathology - Pulmonary reaction to long and short asbestos fibers is independent of fibroblast growth factor production by alveolar macrophages





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    Last updated Thu, 06/25/2009 - 13:06

    Wednesday, July 8, 2009

    mesothelioma cancer

    Mesothelioma diagnosis is not a comfortable topic, or something you would like to discourse on. It is heart warming to say that despite the bad news that scientists have successfully result of the research has been able to detect and treat mesothelioma.

    There are hundreds of online website with up-to-date useful information. There are also support groups and mechanisms for the various stages of this terrible disease. Moreover, a diagnosis of mesothelioma is no guarantee for a dismal prognosis. There are a variety of websites, online, for public examination of mesothelioma, the signs that lead to early diagnosis and then the blessing of early treatment. Consideration of a diagnosis of mesothelioma with surgery and chemotherapy or surgery, chemotherapy and radiation is very popular in those days.

    Mesothelioma is also known as asbestos cancer. Mesothelioma show surreptitious modification of asbestosis and asbestos pleural disease. It is strongly recommended for mesothelioma inspections at regular intervals if you have ever worked with asbestos in any case or form. Early diagnosis is crucial. Some of the early signs are shortness of breath, pain in the lower back or pain at the side of the chest. Other possible symptoms include hoarseness, difficulty swallowing or sweats and fever.

    Diagnosis Mesothelioma

    Prognosis significantly below the people who diagnosed with mesothelioma and depends on a number of factors. There are legal problems in connection with a diagnosis of mesothelioma. And there are several lawsuits against the companies whose employees were exposed to asbestos. There are specialized lawyers and law firms for mesothelioma cases. Most of these specialized attorneys have an impressive record solutions and successes in obtaining judgments in the courtroom as opposed to the settlements from the court.
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    Tips On Diagnosis Mesothelioma | Cancer Mesothelioma | CancerBIOGEN.com

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    Tips On Diagnosis Mesothelioma | Cancer Mesothelioma | Mesothelioma Cancer

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    [...] Tips On Diagnosis Mesothelioma | Cancer Mesothelioma Mesothelioma diagnosis is not a comfortable topic, or something you would like to discourse on. It is heart warming to say that despite the bad news that scientists have successfully result of the research has been able to detect and … Read the original here

    early detection of lung cancer can save your life

    Home | Cancer | Lung-mesothelioma-asbestos

    Lung Cancer Warning Signs: Early Detection Of Lung Cancer Can Save Your Life
    By: Michael Lee

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    Early detection of lung cancer warning signs - or any other types of illnesses - is crucial in helping to find a cure for the disease. Indeed, the earlier one is able to find out about the disease, the better chances they have for combating the illness.

    Lung cancer warning signs are similar to recognizing the symptoms of the disease. Hence, having enough knowledge of other conditions associated with this illness would be helpful.

    Below is a list of lung cancer warning signs you should be keeping a close eye on:

    • Persistent Coughing
    • Presence of blood or mucus when coughing
    • Loss of appetite resulting to weight loss
    • Feeling of shortness of breath
    • Pneumonia, bronchitis, or other respiratory-related illness
    • Constant pain in the chest, back, or neck
    • Uncharacteristic fever

    You need to pay close attention to any changes in your body though, since most of the symptoms are not evident until they have reached the advanced stage.

    Once you have determined these symptoms, there are essential steps and further information you need to know.

    Spread of Lung Cancer

    Lung cancer is caused by the presence of cancer cells. These abnormal cells continue to divide on their own without following a particular order or pattern. Because of this nature in the cells, they have the potential to destroy the neighboring tissues of the body.

    In fact, they can also develop into a malignant tumor which can invade your bloodstream and cripple the lymphatic system. The process known as metastasizing is responsible for the spread of cancer cells such that the initial cancer tumor can cause the growth of new tumors in various parts of the body.

    In terms of determining the rate at which these cancer cells spread, it largely depends on the type of cells. But on average, tumor growth can happen in a span of a few months.

    When To Consult A Doctor

    As soon as you notice any of the symptoms listed above, it is best to meet with your doctor immediately.

    This will allow them to make diagnosis or assess your condition. Furthermore, the earlier you act on any lung cancer warning signs or symptoms, the more capable you are at preventing it from getting worse.

    Immediate consultation with your doctor will enable them to further investigate the reason for such symptoms to exclude other health conditions.

    Below is a list of what is recognized as late-stage lung cancer symptoms. One needs to work together with their physician to avoid reaching this stage:

    • Inexplainable feeling of fatigue
    • Reduced appetite
    • Aches in your joints,bones, or constant headaches
    • Bone fractures that are not brought about by injury
    • Swelling on your face or neck
    • Abnormalities in your neurologic conditions

    Tests for Lung Cancer

    Once you have seen with your doctor, the following tests are conducted to diagnose you:

    1) Chest x-ray: This is mostly done for patients with complaints on excessive coughing and shortness of breath.
    2) CAT Scan: This method of scanning in such areas as chest, head, abdomen, or pelvis helps assess the size of a tumor or evaluate how farther it has spread.

    3) Bronchoscopy: In this method, your physician creates a direct visualization of your airways after numbing medications or sedations are administered.

    4) PET Scan: This tool is used for assessing the tumor, which also utilize a chemical known as radionuclide. As soon as your first lung cancer warning signs become evident, it is best to undergo this test to help prevent the rapid growth of tumors.

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    causes of mesothelioma

    Causes of Mesothelioma
    By: Rob Mellor

    Mesothelioma is a rare type of cancer in the general population. However, in individuals that were exposed to asbestos, it is not as rare. That's because the only known, established cause of Mesothelioma is asbestos. There are experts that have speculated on other causes. There are incidences of Mesothelioma with no known asbestos exposure. However, that does not mean that there was no exposure. The right questions have to be asked. The person asking the question has to be familiar with the uses and applications of the asbestos products. There are many examples where inadequate occupational histories were taken and potential exposures were not investigated.

    Asbestos the single largest cause.
    Asbestos has actually been in use for centuries and has been the cause of a number of ailments and diseases, including the deadly cancer Mesothelioma. The word Asbestos literally means inextinguishable and this name was given to this mineral by the ancient Greeks. The Greeks gave it this name because of its amazing fireproof qualities, although they also noted the harmful effects that asbestos had upon workers.

    What is Asbestos?
    Asbestos is soft and flexible, and has been widely used for many years for a variety of things. The modern use for this mineral is for insulation, and it has been used in a wide range of items and structures, from ceilings and walls to toasters and hairdryers. This mineral became popular during the industrial revolution as an effective and safe form of insulation - safe in that it was fireproof, but certainly not safe in any other sense. Although the risks involved in using and working with asbestos had been observed several hundred years earlier, these risks were not taken into account when asbestos became widely used for insulation.

    It was not until the 1900s that the facts regarding the risks involved to workers began to re-emerge. An English physician carried out a post-mortem on a man who had worked with asbestos for many years, and he found traces of fibers and dust in the man's lungs. The doctor stated that the man had died due to his exposure to this mineral. Over the next twenty or so years professionals in many countries began to notice the fact that disease, illness and death was uncommonly high amongst asbestos workers.

    In the mid 1920s, an English doctor made the first diagnosis of asbestosis, and this was followed by a study, which showed that 25% of English asbestos workers showed signs of a related lung disease. Laws were then stepped up in England to provide better ventilation and more protection to workers who were regularly exposed to asbestos. Other countries slowly followed these steps over the next decade.

    This protection was slow to be implemented and did not prove all that effective. Although asbestos manufacturers and companies that used the mineral were now aware of these studies and the risks involved to workers, they continued to use asbestos widely, exposing many workers to the hazards associated with it. These employees continued to work with asbestos, totally oblivious of the harm that it was capable of causing. Asbestos continued to be widely used until the mid-seventies, by which time many workers has been exposed and were already unknowingly affected by what we now know as Mesothelioma.

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